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Test 12 · ★ · Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stro…

A child in a sunny country plays outside every day. Why might she need fewer vitamin D drops than a child in a dark, cloudy country?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: child, fewer vitamin D · What happens: play, need, drop · To what, where: dark cloudy country

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 361 «Growing up: growth spurts, height, voices and getting stronger» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A child in a sunny country plays outside every day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 child	det
2	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 plays	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 country	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 country	det
5	sunny	sunny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 country	amod
6	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 child	nmod
7	plays	play	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	outside	outside	ADV	_	7 plays	advmod
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 day	det
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 plays	obl:unmarked
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 plays	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	play	present	a child in a sunny country				day	outside property	vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why might she need fewer vitamin D drops than a child in a dark, cloudy country?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 need	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 need	aux
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 need	nsubj
4	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 D	amod
6	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 D	compound
7	D	D	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 drops	nsubj
8	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 need	ccomp
9	than	than	ADP	_	11 child	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 child	det
11	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 drops	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	17 country	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 country	det
14	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 country	amod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 dark	punct
16	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 country	amod
17	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 drops	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	might	child						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	drop	present	fewer vitamin D			a dark cloudy country		than a child	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in country=Trajectory

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Children in sunny countries never grow at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 grow	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 countries	case
3	sunny	sunny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 countries	amod
4	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Children	nmod
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 grow	advmod
6	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not grow	present	Children in sunny countries			all			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location

Option 2

Vitamin D drops do not work in hot places

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 D	compound
2	D	D	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drops	compound
3	drops	drop	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 work	nsubj
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 work	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 work	advmod
6	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 places	case
8	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 places	amod
9	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 work	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not work	present · do-support	D drops					in hot places	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in place=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Her skin makes vitamin D in the daylight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 skin	nmod:poss
2	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 D	compound
5	D	D	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 daylight	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 daylight	det
8	daylight	daylight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Her skin	vitamin D		the daylight			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset d=Product

Option 4

Sunlight puts extra calcium into her food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 puts	nsubj
2	puts	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 calcium	amod
4	calcium	calcium	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 puts	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 food	case
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 food	nmod:poss
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 puts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	present	Sunlight	extra calcium		Sunlight's food			vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent calcium=Goal

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/361-growing-up-growth-spurts-height-voices-and-getting-stronger/t12/