Exam question 3 · Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the number of legs possessed by centipedes.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, possess · To what, where: response, number, legs

This is exam question 3 of lesson 365 «Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 number	det
11	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 legs	case
13	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 number	nmod
14	possessed	possess	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 legs	acl
15	by	by	ADP	_	16 centipedes	case
16	centipedes	centipede	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 possessed	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the number of legs		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus number=Experiencer
4	possess	participle		legs not said here	by centipedes	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Every centipede possesses in excess of one thousand legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 centipede	det
2	centipede	centipede	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possesses	nsubj
3	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 excess	case
5	excess	excess	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possesses	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 legs	case
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 thousand	compound
8	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 legs	nummod
9	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 excess	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	every centipede			excess of thousand legs			vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The number of pairs is invariably odd, so that no centipede possesses exactly one hundred legs

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 number	det
2	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 odd	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 pairs	case
4	pairs	pair	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 number	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 odd	cop
6	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	7 odd	advmod
7	odd	odd	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 possesses	punct
9	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	13 possesses	mark
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 so	fixed
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 centipede	det
12	centipede	centipede	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 possesses	nsubj
13	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 odd	parataxis
14	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	16 hundred	advmod
15	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 hundred	compound
16	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 legs	nummod
17	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 possesses	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the number of pairs					invariably, odd property	tree rules
2	possess	present	no centipede	hundred legs					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot leg=Theme

Option 3

The number of pairs is invariably even

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 number	det
2	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 invariably	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 pairs	case
4	pairs	pair	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 number	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 invariably	cop
6	invariably	invariably	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
7	even	even	ADV	_	6 invariably	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the number of pairs					invariably property	tree rules

Option 4

Every centipede possesses exactly one hundred legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 centipede	det
2	centipede	centipede	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possesses	nsubj
3	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 hundred	advmod
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 hundred	compound
6	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 legs	nummod
7	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possesses	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	every centipede	hundred legs					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot leg=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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