Test 10 · ★ · City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregri…

«all the crows are screaming round a dead crow, are they having a funeral?» What do scientists think?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: crows, scientists · What happens: scream, have, think · To what, where: funeral

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 369 «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «all the crows are screaming round a dead crow, are they having a funeral?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 screaming	punct
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 crows	det:predet
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 crows	det
4	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 screaming	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 screaming	aux
6	screaming	scream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	round	round	ADP	_	10 crow	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 crow	det
9	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 crow	amod
10	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 screaming	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 having	punct
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 having	aux
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 having	nsubj
14	having	have	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 screaming	conj
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 funeral	det
16	funeral	funeral	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 having	obj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 screaming	punct
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 screaming	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scream speech: express in a quote	present · progressive	all crows					round a dead crow	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	have in a quote	present · progressive	crows = crow	a funeral					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent funeral=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do scientists think?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 think	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 think	aux
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 think	nsubj
4	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 think	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present · do-support	scientists						vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are singing a sad song for it, just like people do at a funeral

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 singing	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 singing	aux
3	singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 song	det
5	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 song	amod
6	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 singing	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 it	case
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 singing	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 do	punct
10	just	just	ADV	_	13 do	advmod
11	like	like	SCONJ	_	13 do	mark
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 do	nsubj
13	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 singing	advcl
14	at	at	ADP	_	16 funeral	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 funeral	det
16	funeral	funeral	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 do	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	present · progressive	They	a sad song				for song	vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent song=Theme for it=Beneficiary
2	do	present	people			a funeral			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Crows always scream at night for fun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 scream	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 scream	advmod
3	scream	scream	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 night	case
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scream	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 fun	case
7	fun	fun	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scream	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scream speech: express	present	Crows				night	for fun; always property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for fun=Recipient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They may be learning about danger from where the crow died

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 learning	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 learning	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 learning	aux
4	learning	learn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 danger	case
6	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 learning	obl
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 where	case
8	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	11 died	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 crow	det
10	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 died	nsubj
11	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 danger	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	may · progressive	They					about danger	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about danger=Topic
2	die	past	the crow						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 4

They are planning to eat it at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 planning	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 planning	aux
3	planning	plan	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 eat	mark
5	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 planning	xcomp
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 eat	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 once	case
8	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 eat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	plan	present · progressive	They						vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	eat not said to happen	to-infinitive	They not said here	it					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/t10/