Test 11 · ★ · City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregri…

Why can a few animals brought to a new place become a huge problem, like starlings in America?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: few animals · What happens: bring, become · To what, where: few animals, new place, huge problem

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 369 «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	11 become	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 become	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 animals	det
4	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animals	amod
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 become	nsubj
6	brought	bring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 animals	acl
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 place	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 place	det
9	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 place	amod
10	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 brought	obl
11	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 problem	det
13	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 problem	amod
14	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 become	xcomp
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 starlings	punct
16	like	like	ADP	_	17 starlings	case
17	starlings	starling	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 problem	nmod
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 America	case
19	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 starlings	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	11 become	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	participle		a few animals not said here		a new place			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to place=Destination
2	become	can	a few animals	a huge problem like starlings in America					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They stop having babies because they miss their old home far away across the sea

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stop	nsubj
2	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 stop	xcomp
4	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 having	obj
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 miss	mark
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 miss	nsubj
7	miss	miss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 stop	advcl
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 home	nmod:poss
9	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 home	amod
10	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 miss	obj
11	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 away	advmod
12	away	away	ADV	_	7 miss	advmod
13	across	across	ADP	_	15 sea	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sea	det
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 away	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stop	present	They			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	have	gerund	They not said here	babies		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient
3	miss	present	babies = baby	babies's old home	away property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer home=Stimulus

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

They always die out quickly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 die	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 die	advmod
3	die	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 die	compound:prt
5	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	3 die	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die out	present	They					always, quickly property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

With lots of food and no natural limits they multiply and push out natives

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	With	with	ADP	_	2 lots	case
2	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 food	case
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lots	nmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 limits	cc
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 limits	det
7	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 limits	amod
8	limits	limit	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 food	conj
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 multiply	nsubj
10	multiply	multiply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 limits	acl:relcl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 push	cc
12	push	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 multiply	conj
13	out	out	ADP	_	12 push	compound:prt
14	natives	native	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 push	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	multiply	present	limits = limit	no natural limits not said here					vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limit=Theme
2	push out	present	limits = limit not said here	natives					vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent native=Theme

Option 4

They become tame pets

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 become	nsubj
2	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	tame	tame	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pets	amod
4	pets	pet	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 become	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	They	tame pets					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/t11/