Test 11 · ★ · Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and A…

«snow monkeys washing potatoes, that's just instinct» What do scientists say?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: snow monkeys, that, scientists · What happens: wash, be, say · To what, where: potatoes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 387 «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 monkeys	punct
2	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 monkeys	compound
3	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	washing	wash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 monkeys	acl
5	potatoes	potato	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 washing	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 instinct	punct
7	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 instinct	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 instinct	cop
9	just	just	ADV	_	10 instinct	advmod
10	instinct	instinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 monkeys	parataxis
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 instinct	punct
12	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 say	obj
13	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 say	aux
14	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 say	nsubj
15	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 instinct	parataxis
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 monkeys	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	wash in a quote	gerund	snow monkeys not said here	potatoes		vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent potato=Patient
2	is in a quote	present	that		instinct property	tree rules
3	say speech: assert	present · do-support	scientists			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Keepers trained each one

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keepers	keeper	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 trained	nsubj
2	trained	train	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	4 one	det
4	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 trained	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	train	past	Keepers	each one					vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme

Option 2

It only happened in a film

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 happened	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 happened	advmod
3	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 film	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 film	det
6	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happened	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past	It			a film			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in film=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It was a new habit copied from one young female, a piece of culture

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 habit	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 habit	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 habit	det
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 habit	amod
5	habit	habit	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	copied	copy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 habit	acl
7	from	from	ADP	_	10 female	case
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 female	nummod
9	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 female	amod
10	female	female	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 copied	obl:agent
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 piece	punct
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 piece	det
13	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 habit	conj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 culture	case
15	culture	culture	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 piece	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	a new habit and a piece of culture					tree rules
2	copy	participle		a new habit and a piece of culture not said here					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

All monkeys are born washing food, just as they are born knowing how to climb

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 monkeys	det
2	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 born	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	aux:pass
4	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	washing	wash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 born	xcomp
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 washing	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 born	punct
8	just	just	ADV	_	12 born	advmod
9	as	as	SCONJ	_	12 born	mark
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 born	nsubj:pass
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 born	aux:pass
12	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 born	conj
13	knowing	know	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 born	xcomp
14	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	16 climb	advmod
15	to	to	PART	_	16 climb	mark
16	climb	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 knowing	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	bear	present · passive	all monkeys	tree rules
2	wash	gerund	food	vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient
3	bear	present · passive	monkeys = monkey	tree rules
4	know	gerund		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
5	climb	to-infinitive		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/t11/