Test 1 · ★★★ · How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle…

«my dog barks at the mirror then ignores it, so dogs are dumb» What is the best reasoning?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: dog, dogs, best reasoning · What happens: bark, ignore, be · To what, where: dog

This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 389 «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 barks	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 dog	nmod:poss
3	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 barks	nsubj
4	barks	bark	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 ignores	advcl
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 mirror	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 mirror	det
7	mirror	mirror	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 barks	obl
8	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 ignores	advmod
9	ignores	ignore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 ignores	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 dumb	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	15 dumb	advmod
13	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 dumb	nsubj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 dumb	cop
15	dumb	dumb	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ignores	conj
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 dumb	punct
17	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 dumb	advcl
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 What	cop
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 reasoning	det
20	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	21 reasoning	amod
21	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 What	nsubj
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 ignores	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	bark in a quote	present	my dog			at the mirror	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at mirror=Stimulus
2	ignore in a quote	present		dog	then		vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	is in a quote	present	dogs			dumb property	tree rules
4	is a	present	the best reasoning				tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Dogs cannot see at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 see	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 see	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 see	advmod
4	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 see	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	can	Dogs			all			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A dog lives by smell, so a mirror test does not suit it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	nsubj
3	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 smell	case
5	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 suit	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	13 suit	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 test	det
9	mirror	mirror	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 test	compound
10	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 suit	nsubj
11	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 suit	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 suit	advmod
13	suit	suit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 lives	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 suit	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	a dog					by smell	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by smell=Location
2	not suit	present · do-support	a mirror test	dog					tree rules

Option 3

Dogs know mirrors are fake so they ignore all tests

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 know	nsubj
2	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	mirrors	mirror	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fake	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fake	cop
5	fake	fake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 know	ccomp
6	so	so	ADV	_	8 ignore	advmod
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 ignore	nsubj
8	ignore	ignore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 know	advcl
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 tests	det
10	tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 ignore	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	know	present	Dogs			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	is	present	mirrors		fake property	tree rules
3	ignore	present	mirrors = mirror	all tests		vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Theme

Option 4

Yes, dogs are dumb

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 dumb	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 dumb	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 dumb	cop
5	dumb	dumb	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	dogs					dumb property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/t1/