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Test 8 · ★★★ · Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish

Inky escaped from a New Zealand aquarium. How did he manage it?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Inky · What happens: escape, manage · To what, where: Zealand aquarium, aquarium

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 39 «Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Inky escaped from a New Zealand aquarium.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Inky	Inky	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 escaped	nsubj
2	escaped	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	7 aquarium	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 aquarium	det
5	New	New	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Zealand	flat
6	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 aquarium	compound
7	aquarium	aquarium	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 escaped	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 escaped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	escape	past	Inky			a Zealand aquarium			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from aquarium=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How did he manage it?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 manage	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 manage	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 manage	nsubj
4	manage	manage	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 manage	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 manage	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	manage	past · do-support	Inky	aquarium					vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

The options

Option 1

A keeper let him go by mistake

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 keeper	det
2	keeper	keeper	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 let	nsubj
3	let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 let	obj
5	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 let	xcomp
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 mistake	case
7	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 go	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	let	infinitive	a keeper	him = he					tree rules
2	go	infinitive	him = he not said here					by mistake	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by mistake=Location

Option 2

He was carried out in a bucket

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 carried	compound:prt
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 bucket	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 bucket	det
7	bucket	bucket	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry out	past · passive		He		a bucket			vn act-114 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

Option 3

He broke the thick glass with the hard bones in his arms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 broke	nsubj
2	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 glass	det
4	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 glass	amod
5	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 broke	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 bones	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bones	det
8	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 bones	amod
9	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 broke	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 arms	case
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 arms	nmod:poss
12	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 broke	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	past	He	the thick glass		his arms		with the hard bones	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent glass=Patient with bone=Instrument

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He slipped through a gap in his tank and down a drainpipe into the sea

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 slipped	nsubj
2	slipped	slip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	through	through	ADP	_	5 gap	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 gap	det
5	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 slipped	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 tank	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tank	nmod:poss
8	tank	tank	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 slipped	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 drainpipe	cc
10	down	down	ADP	_	12 drainpipe	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 drainpipe	det
12	drainpipe	drainpipe	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 tank	conj
13	into	into	ADP	_	15 sea	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sea	det
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 slipped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slip	past	He			a gap		in his tank and a drainpipe; into the sea	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in tank=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/t8/