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Test 9 · ★★★ · Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish

A predator lunges at a dark blob in the water, but the squid has gone. What happened?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: predator, squid · What happens: lunge, go, happen · To what, where: dark blob

This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 39 «Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A predator lunges at a dark blob in the water, but the squid has gone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 predator	det
2	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lunges	nsubj
3	lunges	lunge	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	7 blob	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 blob	det
6	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 blob	amod
7	blob	blob	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lunges	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 water	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 water	det
10	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 blob	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 gone	punct
12	but	but	CCONJ	_	16 gone	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 squid	det
14	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 gone	nsubj
15	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 gone	aux
16	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 lunges	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 lunges	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lunge	present	a predator			a dark blob in the water			tree rules
2	go	present · perfect	the squid						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happened?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happened	nsubj
2	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The squid squirted an ink blob and jetted away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 squid	det
2	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 squirted	nsubj
3	squirted	squirt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 blob	det
5	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 blob	compound
6	blob	blob	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 squirted	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 jetted	cc
8	jetted	jet	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 squirted	conj
9	away	away	ADV	_	8 jetted	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	squirt	past	the squid	a ink blob					vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent blob=Theme
2	jet away	participle	the squid not said here					away property	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source

Option 2

The blob was another squid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 blob	det
2	blob	blob	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 squid	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 squid	cop
4	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	5 squid	det
5	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the blob	another squid					tree rules

Option 3

The squid hid inside the predator's open mouth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 squid	det
2	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hid	nsubj
3	hid	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	inside	inside	ADP	_	9 mouth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 predator	det
6	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mouth	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 predator	case
8	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 mouth	amod
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	past	the squid			the predator's open mouth			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent inside mouth=Location

Option 4

The squid turned into ink

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 squid	det
2	squid	squid	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	nsubj
3	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	5 ink	case
5	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	past	the squid			ink			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into ink=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/t9/