Test 10 · How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses,…

«koala sleeps all day, lazy git» What is the real reason?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: koala · What happens: sleep, be · To what, where: real reason

This is test 10 of lesson 390 «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 sleeps	punct
2	koala	koala	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sleeps	nsubj
3	sleeps	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 day	det
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sleeps	obl:unmarked
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 git	punct
7	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 git	amod
8	git	git	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 day	conj
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 sleeps	punct
10	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	14 reason	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 reason	cop
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 reason	det
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 reason	amod
14	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sleeps	acl:relcl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 sleeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep in a quote	present	koala				day		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present		the real reason					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Its leaves give little energy, so sleep saves energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 leaves	nmod:poss
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 give	nsubj
3	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 energy	amod
5	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 give	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 saves	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 saves	advmod
8	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 saves	nsubj
9	saves	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 give	conj
10	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 saves	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	Its leaves	little energy					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
2	save	present	sleep	energy					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme

Option 2

Koalas are lazy by choice and could be busy if they wanted to

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Koalas	koala	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lazy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lazy	cop
3	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 choice	case
5	choice	choice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lazy	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 busy	cc
7	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 busy	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 busy	cop
9	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lazy	conj
10	if	if	SCONJ	_	12 wanted	mark
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 wanted	nsubj
12	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 busy	advcl
13	to	to	PART	_	12 wanted	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Koalas	by choice; lazy property	tree rules
2	is	could	Koalas not said here	busy property	tree rules
3	want a condition, not said to happen	past	Koalas = koala		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Option 3

It stays up all night partying

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stays	nsubj
2	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 stays	compound:prt
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 night	det
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stays	obl:unmarked
6	partying	party	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 night	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay up	present	It				night		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	party	gerund	all night not said here						tree rules

Option 4

It is ill every day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 ill	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 ill	cop
3	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 day	det
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ill	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It				day	ill property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/t10/