Test 5 · ★ · Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colou…
«spiders dream, it's proven now» What is the most accurate reply?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: accurate reply · What happens: prove, be · To what, where: it
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 391 «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 3 dream | punct |
| 2 | spiders | spider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dream | nsubj |
| 3 | dream | dream | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 proven | aux:pass |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 dream | punct |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 proven | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 proven | aux:pass |
| 7 | proven | prove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 proven | advmod |
| 9 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 7 proven | punct |
| 10 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 7 proven | obl |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 What | cop |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 reply | det |
| 13 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 14 accurate | advmod |
| 14 | accurate | accurate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 reply | amod |
| 15 | reply | reply | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 What | nsubj |
| 16 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 proven | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prove in a quote | present · passive | it | now | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | the accurate reply | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Yes, and spiders dream far more than any other animal
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 dream | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 dream | punct |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 dream | cc |
| 4 | spiders | spider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 dream | nsubj |
| 5 | dream | dream | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 more | advmod |
| 7 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 dream | obj |
| 8 | than | than | ADP | _ | 11 animal | case |
| 9 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 11 animal | det |
| 10 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 animal | amod |
| 11 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 more | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dream | present | spiders | more | vn cognize-85 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Topic |
Option 2
Yes, it is fully proven, because the spiders acted out their dreams for the scientists
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 6 proven | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 proven | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 proven | aux:pass |
| 5 | fully | fully | ADV | _ | 6 proven | advmod |
| 6 | proven | prove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 acted | punct |
| 8 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 11 acted | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 spiders | det |
| 10 | spiders | spider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 acted | nsubj |
| 11 | acted | act | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 proven | conj |
| 12 | out | out | ADP | _ | 11 acted | compound:prt |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 dreams | nmod:poss |
| 14 | dreams | dream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 acted | obj |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 scientists | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 scientists | det |
| 17 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 acted | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prove | present · passive | it | fully property | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | act out | past | the spiders | spiders's dreams | for the scientists | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent dream=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | dream | spiders = spider | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
Option 3
No, spiders never rest at all, so they cannot possibly dream
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 5 rest | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | spiders | spider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 rest | nsubj |
| 4 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 rest | advmod |
| 5 | rest | rest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 all | case |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 rest | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 dream | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 dream | advmod |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 dream | nsubj |
| 11 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 dream | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 dream | advmod |
| 13 | possibly | possibly | ADV | _ | 14 dream | advmod |
| 14 | dream | dream | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 rest | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not rest | present | spiders | all | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location | ||||
| 2 | not dream | can | spiders = spider | possibly property | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Jumping spiders showed dream-like eye movements, but whether they dream is still open
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jumping | jump | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 spiders | amod |
| 2 | spiders | spider | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 showed | nsubj |
| 3 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 open | advcl |
| 4 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 like | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 dream | punct |
| 6 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 movements | amod |
| 7 | eye | eye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 movements | compound |
| 8 | movements | movement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 showed | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 dream | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 dream | cc |
| 11 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 13 dream | mark |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 dream | nsubj |
| 13 | dream | dream | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 showed | parataxis |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 open | cop |
| 15 | still | still | ADV | _ | 16 open | advmod |
| 16 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | jump | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | show | past | Jumping spiders | like eye movements | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent movement=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | dream | present | spiders = spider | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | present | still | open property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/t5/