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Test 6 · ★ · Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colou…

In a cartoon, an octopus sleeps in a little bed with a nightcap and a smile. What do real octopuses do in active sleep?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: octopus, real octopuses · What happens: sleep, be, do · To what, where: cartoon, active sleep

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 391 «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, an octopus sleeps in a little bed with a nightcap and a smile.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sleeps	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 octopus	det
6	octopus	octopus	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sleeps	nsubj
7	sleeps	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 bed	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 bed	det
10	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 bed	amod
11	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sleeps	obl
12	with	with	ADP	_	14 nightcap	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 nightcap	det
14	nightcap	nightcap	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sleeps	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 smile	cc
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 smile	det
17	smile	smile	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 nightcap	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 sleeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	a octopus			a cartoon		in a little bed; with a nightcap and a smile	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do real octopuses do in active sleep?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 octopuses	amod
4	octopuses	octopus	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 do	nsubj
5	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	acl:relcl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sleep	case
7	active	active	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 sleep	amod
8	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 do	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present							tree rules
2	do	present	real octopuses			active sleep			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Close their eyes with long eyelashes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Close	close	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 eyes	nmod:poss
3	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Close	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 eyelashes	case
5	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 eyelashes	amod
6	eyelashes	eyelash	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Close	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	close	imperative	you not said here	their eyes				with long eyelashes	vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Destination with eyelash=Theme

Option 2

Snore loudly through all eight arms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snore	snore	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	1 Snore	advmod
3	through	through	ADP	_	6 arms	case
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 arms	det
5	eight	eight	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 arms	nummod
6	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Snore	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	snore	imperative	you not said here			all eight arms		loudly property	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Sleep upside down inside empty shells

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 upside	compound
2	upside	upside	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	down	down	ADV	_	2 upside	advmod
4	inside	inside	ADP	_	6 shells	case
5	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 shells	amod
6	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 upside	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Flash colours and twitch their arms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 colours	compound
2	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 twitch	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	2 colours	cc
4	twitch	twitch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 arms	nmod:poss
6	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 twitch	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	twitch	present	Flash colours	colours's arms					vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/t6/