Test 10 · ★★ · The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mo…

«toads hop like frogs, everyone knows that» Is that right for the common toad?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: toads, everyone, that · What happens: hop, know, be · To what, where: that · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 403 «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 hop	punct
2	toads	toad	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hop	nsubj
3	hop	hop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 right	parataxis
4	like	like	ADP	_	5 frogs	case
5	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hop	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 knows	punct
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	8 knows	nsubj
8	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hop	parataxis
9	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 knows	obj
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 knows	punct
11	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 right	cop
12	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	13 right	nsubj
13	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
14	for	for	ADP	_	17 toad	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 toad	det
16	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 toad	amod
17	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 right	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	hop in a quote	present	toads		like frogs	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	know in a quote	present	everyone	that		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus
3	is	present	that		for the common toad; right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, but only when they are going backwards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 going	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 going	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	8 going	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 going	advmod
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 going	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 going	aux
8	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	8 going	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present · progressive	they					backwards property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, a common toad mostly walks with short legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 walks	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 toad	det
4	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 toad	amod
5	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 walks	nsubj
6	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	7 walks	advmod
7	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 legs	case
9	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 legs	amod
10	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 walks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	present	a common toad					with short legs; mostly property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

No, toads crawl along on their bellies like snakes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 crawl	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	toads	toad	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 crawl	nsubj
4	crawl	crawl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	along	along	ADV	_	4 crawl	advmod
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 bellies	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 bellies	nmod:poss
8	bellies	belly	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 crawl	obl
9	like	like	ADP	_	10 snakes	case
10	snakes	snake	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 bellies	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crawl	present	toads			toads's bellies like snakes		along property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on belly=Trajectory

Option 4

Yes, toads hop even further and higher than frogs do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 hop	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	toads	toad	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hop	nsubj
4	hop	hop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	even	even	ADV	_	6 further	advmod
6	further	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 higher	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 higher	cc
8	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 hop	advcl
9	than	than	SCONJ	_	11 do	mark
10	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 do	nsubj
11	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 higher	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hop	present	toads						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	do	present	frogs						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/t10/