Test 11 · ★★ · Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers

«worms are useless, I'd chuck 'em all out of the garden» What would happen?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: worms, I · What happens: be, chuck, happen · To what, where: 'em, garden · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 47 «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 useless	punct
2	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 useless	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 useless	cop
4	useless	useless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 chuck	punct
6	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 chuck	nsubj
7	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 chuck	aux
8	chuck	chuck	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 useless	parataxis
9	'em	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 chuck	obj
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 'em	det
11	out	out	ADP	_	14 garden	case
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 garden	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 garden	det
14	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 chuck	obl
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 useless	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 happen	nsubj
17	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 happen	aux
18	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 useless	parataxis
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 useless	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	worms			useless property	tree rules
2	chuck in a quote	would	I	'em = they	the garden		vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent they=Theme out garden=Destination
3	happen	would					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The soil would fill with more air and water, and everything would grow better

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 soil	det
2	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fill	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 fill	aux
4	fill	fill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 air	case
6	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 air	amod
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fill	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 water	cc
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 air	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 grow	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 grow	cc
12	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	14 grow	nsubj
13	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 grow	aux
14	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 fill	conj
15	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	14 grow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill	would	the soil					with more air and water	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with air=Instrument
2	grow	would	everything					well property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The plants would grow twice as fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 plants	det
2	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grow	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 grow	aux
4	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 grow	advmod
6	as	as	ADV	_	7 fast	advmod
7	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 grow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	would	the plants					fast, twice property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Nothing at all would change

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 change	nsubj
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 all	case
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	1 Nothing	nmod
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 change	aux
5	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	would	Nothing						vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Dead leaves would pile up and the soil would get poorer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 leaves	amod
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pile	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 pile	aux
4	pile	pile	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 pile	compound:prt
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 get	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 soil	det
8	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 get	nsubj
9	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 get	aux
10	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 pile	conj
11	poorer	poor	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 get	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pile up	would	Dead leaves						vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme
2	get	would	the soil					poor property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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