Test 7 · How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry

What would happen to the peppered moths if a town became very smoky again?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: town · What happens: happen, pepper, become

This is test 7 of lesson 51 «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 moths	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 moths	det
6	peppered	pepper	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 moths	amod
7	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 happen	obl
8	if	if	SCONJ	_	11 became	mark
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 town	det
10	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 became	nsubj
11	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
12	very	very	ADV	_	13 smoky	advmod
13	smoky	smoky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 became	xcomp
14	again	again	ADV	_	11 became	advmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would			to the peppered moths	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	pepper	participle				vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent
3	become a condition, not said to happen	past	a town	again	smoky property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Nothing, moths do not care at all what colour the tree trunks are

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 moths	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 care	nsubj
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 care	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 care	advmod
6	care	care	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	at	at	ADP	_	10 colour	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 colour	det
9	what	what	DET	PronType=Int	10 colour	det
10	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 care	obl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 trunks	det
12	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 trunks	compound
13	trunks	trunk	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 colour	conj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 care	cop

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present · do-support	Nothing moths			all colour and the tree trunks		care property	tree rules

Option 2

All moths would leave the town forever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 moths	det
2	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 leave	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 leave	aux
4	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 town	det
6	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leave	obj
7	forever	forever	ADV	_	4 leave	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	would	all moths	the town				forever property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent town=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Dark moths would hide better and become more common again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 moths	amod
2	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hide	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 hide	aux
4	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 hide	advmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 become	cc
7	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hide	conj
8	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	9 common	advmod
9	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 become	xcomp
10	again	again	ADV	_	4 hide	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	would	Dark moths				again	well property	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	become	present	Dark moths not said here					common property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Pale moths would grow soot on their wings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pale	pale	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 moths	amod
2	moths	moth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grow	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 grow	aux
4	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	soot	soot	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 grow	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 wings	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 wings	nmod:poss
8	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	would	Pale moths	soot		moths's wings			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location soot=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/51-how-animals-hide/t7/