Test 8 · How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry

ugh crows screaming their heads off at that tree, what's their problem

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ugh crows · What happens: scream off, be · To what, where: heads, tree, problem

This is test 8 of lesson 51 «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	ugh	ugh	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 crows	compound
2	crows	crow	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	screaming	scream	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 crows	acl
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 heads	nmod:poss
5	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 screaming	obj
6	off	off	ADP	_	3 screaming	compound:prt
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 tree	case
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 tree	det
9	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 screaming	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 problem	punct
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	14 problem	obj
12	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 problem	cop
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 problem	nmod:poss
14	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 crows	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scream off speech: express	gerund	ugh crows and heads's problem not said here	crows's heads		that tree			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Topic
2	is a	present		heads's problem					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They're warning each other about the rain coming in

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 warning	nsubj
2	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 warning	aux
3	warning	warn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	3 warning	obj
5	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 each	fixed
6	about	about	ADP	_	8 rain	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 rain	det
8	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 warning	obl
9	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 warning	parataxis
10	in	in	ADV	_	9 coming	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warn speech: warn	present · progressive	They	each				about the rain	vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent each=Recipient about rain=Topic
2	come in	gerund							vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They've probably found a sleeping owl and are mobbing it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 found	nsubj
2	've	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 found	aux
3	probably	probably	ADV	_	4 found	advmod
4	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 owl	det
6	sleeping	sleeping	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 owl	compound
7	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 found	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 mobbing	cc
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 mobbing	aux
10	mobbing	mob	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 found	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 mobbing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	present · perfect	They	a sleeping owl				probably property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent owl=Topic
2	mob	present · progressive	They not said here	owl					vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

They're building a nest together

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 building	nsubj
2	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 building	aux
3	building	build	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 nest	det
5	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 building	obj
6	together	together	ADV	_	3 building	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	present · progressive	They	a nest				together property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nest=Product

Option 4

They're fighting over a worm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fighting	nsubj
2	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fighting	aux
3	fighting	fight	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	over	over	ADP	_	6 worm	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 worm	det
6	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fighting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	present · progressive	They					over a worm	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.theme NP S_ING»: agent=Agent over worm=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/51-how-animals-hide/t8/