Test 9 · How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry

Which is true about the octopus?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: be

This is test 9 of lesson 51 «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	6 octopus	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 octopus	det
6	octopus	octopus	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 true	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						about the octopus; true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It hides by growing a shell like a snail

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 hides	nsubj
2	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	SCONJ	_	4 growing	mark
4	growing	grow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 hides	advcl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 shell	det
6	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 growing	obj
7	like	like	ADP	_	9 snail	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 snail	det
9	snail	snail	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 growing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	present	It						vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	grow	gerund		a shell				like a snail	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Theme

Option 2

It can only change colour when it sees something red

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 change	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 change	aux
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 change	advmod
4	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 change	obj
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	8 sees	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 sees	nsubj
8	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 change	advcl
9	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 sees	obj
10	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 something	amod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	can	It	colour					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
2	see	present	colour	something					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus

Option 3

It changes colour only when it sleeps

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 changes	nsubj
2	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changes	obj
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 sleeps	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 sleeps	advmod
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 sleeps	nsubj
7	sleeps	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 changes	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	It	colour					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
2	sleep	present	colour						vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It matches colours well, though it may not see colour like we do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 matches	nsubj
2	matches	match	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 matches	obj
4	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 matches	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 see	punct
6	though	though	SCONJ	_	10 see	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 see	nsubj
8	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 see	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 see	advmod
10	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 matches	parataxis
11	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 see	obj
12	like	like	SCONJ	_	14 do	mark
13	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 do	nsubj
14	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 see	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	match	present	It	colours	well property	vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
2	not see	may	it	colour		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer colour=Stimulus
3	do	present	we			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/51-how-animals-hide/t9/