Exam question 2 · Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast

Identify the principal function of yeast in the leavening of bread.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify · To what, where: principal function

This is exam question 2 of lesson 62 «Fungi: mushrooms, mould and yeast» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 function	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 function	amod
4	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 yeast	case
6	yeast	yeast	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 function	nmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 leavening	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 leavening	det
9	leavening	leavening	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 yeast	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 bread	case
11	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 leavening	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal function of yeast in the leavening of bread					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The neutralisation of salt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 neutralisation	det
2	neutralisation	neutralisation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 salt	case
4	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 neutralisation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	neutralise			salt					nom neutralisation «process transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The absorption of water by flour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 absorption	det
2	absorption	absorption	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 water	case
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorption	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 flour	case
6	flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorption	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	absorb		flour	water					nom absorption «process transitive»: of=patient by=agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The production of carbon dioxide gas from sugar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 production	det
2	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 gas	case
4	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dioxide	compound
5	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gas	compound
6	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 production	nmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 sugar	case
8	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 production	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce			dioxide gas		sugar			nom production «act transitive»: of=patient from=place

Option 4

The hardening of the crust in the oven

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hardening	det
2	hardening	hardening	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 crust	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 crust	det
5	crust	crust	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hardening	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 oven	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 oven	det
8	oven	oven	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 crust	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	harden		the crust in the oven						nom hardening «state intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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