Test 7 · ★★ · The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs

Why is a thin layer found all over the world such good evidence?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: thin layer · What happens: be, find · To what, where: thin layer, world

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 76 «The end of the dinosaurs, and birds as living dinosaurs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 layer	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 layer	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 layer	det
4	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 layer	amod
5	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 found	nsubj
6	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	all	all	ADV	_	10 world	advmod
8	over	over	ADP	_	10 world	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 world	det
10	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 found	obl
11	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 evidence	amod
12	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 evidence	amod
13	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 world	conj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 found	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a thin layer					tree rules
2	find	past	a thin layer			the world and such good evidence			vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It shows the layer was painted on later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 shows	nsubj
2	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 layer	det
4	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 painted	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 painted	aux:pass
6	painted	paint	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 shows	ccomp
7	on	on	ADP	_	6 painted	compound:prt
8	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 shows	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	It					late property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	paint on	past · passive		the layer					vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It shows one event touched the whole planet at the same time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 shows	nsubj
2	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 event	nummod
4	event	event	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 touched	nsubj
5	touched	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 shows	ccomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 planet	det
7	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 planet	amod
8	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 touched	obj
9	at	at	ADP	_	12 time	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 time	det
11	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 time	amod
12	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 touched	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	It						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	touch	past	one event	the whole planet			time		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme planet=Co-Theme

Option 3

It proves the asteroid was made of clay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 proves	nsubj
2	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 asteroid	det
4	asteroid	asteroid	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 made	aux:pass
6	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 proves	ccomp
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 clay	case
8	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present	It						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	make	past · passive		the asteroid				of clay	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 4

It shows each country was hit by its own small asteroid at a different time

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 shows	nsubj
2	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	4 country	det
4	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hit	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 hit	aux:pass
6	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 shows	ccomp
7	by	by	ADP	_	11 asteroid	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 asteroid	nmod:poss
9	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 asteroid	amod
10	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 asteroid	amod
11	asteroid	asteroid	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hit	obl
12	at	at	ADP	_	15 time	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 time	det
14	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 time	amod
15	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hit	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	It						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	hit	past · passive	country's own small asteroid	each country			time		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/76-end-of-the-dinosaurs-and-birds/t7/