Exam question 3 · The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes t…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the capacity of apes for speech.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, capacity

This is exam question 3 of lesson 85 «The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 capacity	det
11	capacity	capacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 apes	case
13	apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 capacity	nmod
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 speech	case
15	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 apes	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the capacity of apes for speech		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus capacity=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They speak fluently, but only in the presence of their keepers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 speak	nsubj
2	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fluently	fluently	ADV	_	2 speak	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 presence	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 presence	cc
6	only	only	ADV	_	9 presence	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 presence	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 presence	det
9	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 speak	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 keepers	case
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 keepers	nmod:poss
12	keepers	keeper	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 presence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	They			the presence of their keepers		fluently property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They cannot articulate words, though some have acquired many signs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 articulate	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 articulate	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 articulate	advmod
4	articulate	articulate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 articulate	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 acquired	punct
7	though	though	SCONJ	_	10 acquired	mark
8	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	10 acquired	nsubj:pass
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 acquired	aux
10	acquired	acquire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 articulate	advcl
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 signs	amod
12	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 acquired	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not articulate speech: other	can	They	words					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic
2	acquire	present · perfect · passive		some					tree rules

Option 3

They are incapable of learning any sign whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 incapable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 learning	mark
5	learning	learn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 incapable	advcl
6	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 sign	det
7	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 learning	obj
8	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	5 learning	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					incapable property	tree rules
2	learn	gerund	They not said here	any sign				whatsoever property	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Topic

Option 4

They possess grammar identical to that of humans

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possess	nsubj
2	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possess	obj
4	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 possess	xcomp
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 that	case
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 identical	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 humans	case
8	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 that	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	They	grammar				identical property	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot grammar=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/e3/