Exam question 4 · Russian Fairy Tales, Martin the Widow's Son, part 43: the…

Which animals undertook to obtain sustenance for the imprisoned protagonist, and by what method?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: animals · What happens: undertake, obtain, imprison · To what, where: sustenance

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1719 «Russian Fairy Tales, Martin the Widow's Son, part 43: the King jails Martin, and his animal friends steal rolls to save him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 animals	det
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 undertook	nsubj
3	undertook	undertake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 obtain	mark
5	obtain	obtain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 undertook	xcomp
6	sustenance	sustenance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 obtain	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 protagonist	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 protagonist	det
9	imprisoned	imprison	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 protagonist	amod
10	protagonist	protagonist	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 obtain	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 what	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 what	cc
13	by	by	ADP	_	14 what	case
14	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 undertook	parataxis
15	method	method	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 what	nsubj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 undertook	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	undertake	past	which animals			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	obtain	to-infinitive	which animals not said here	sustenance	for the imprisoned protagonist	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent sustenance=Theme for protagonist=Asset
3	imprison	participle				vn confine-92 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Schurka and Waska, by stealing rolls and sweet cake from the baker's shop

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Schurka	Schurka	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 stealing	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 Waska	cc
3	Waska	Waska	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Schurka	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 stealing	punct
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 stealing	mark
6	stealing	steal	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	rolls	roll	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 stealing	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 cake	cc
9	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cake	amod
10	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rolls	conj
11	from	from	ADP	_	15 shop	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 baker	det
13	baker	baker	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 shop	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 baker	case
15	shop	shop	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stealing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	gerund	Schurka and Waska	rolls and sweet cake		the baker's shop			vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent roll=Theme from shop=Source

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Schurka and Waska, by stealing rolls from a baker

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Schurka	Schurka	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 stealing	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 Waska	cc
3	Waska	Waska	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Schurka	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 stealing	punct
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 stealing	mark
6	stealing	steal	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	rolls	roll	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 stealing	obj
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 baker	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 baker	det
10	baker	baker	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stealing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	gerund	Schurka and Waska	rolls		a baker			vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent roll=Theme from baker=Source

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Schurka, by bringing food from the King

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Schurka	Schurka	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Schurka	punct
3	by	by	SCONJ	_	4 bringing	mark
4	bringing	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Schurka	acl
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bringing	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 King	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 King	det
8	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 bringing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	gerund	Schurka not said here	food				from the King	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent food=Theme from king=Initial_Location

Option 4

Schurka and Waska, by stealing fresh rolls from a baker in the market

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Schurka	Schurka	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 stealing	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 Waska	cc
3	Waska	Waska	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Schurka	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 stealing	punct
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 stealing	mark
6	stealing	steal	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 rolls	amod
8	rolls	roll	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 stealing	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 baker	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 baker	det
11	baker	baker	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stealing	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 market	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 market	det
14	market	market	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stealing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	gerund	Schurka and Waska	fresh rolls		a baker		in the market	vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent roll=Theme from baker=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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