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Exam question 3 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 4: Toad's Adve…

Ascertain the stratagem by which the prisoner's escape from the train was effected.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, stratagem, prisoner · What happens: ascertain, affect, escape · To what, where: stratagem, escape, train

This is exam question 3 of lesson 55 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 4: Toad's Adventures (the chase, the tunnel and the night wood)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

detobjcaseobldetnmod:posscasensubj:passcasedetnmodaux:passacl:relclpunctrootAscertainVERBtheDETstratagemNOUNbyADPwhichPRONtheDETprisonerNOUN'sPARTescapeNOUNfromADPtheDETtrainNOUNwasAUXeffectedVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AscertainascertainVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 stratagemdet
3stratagemstratagemNOUNNumber=Sing1 Ascertainobj
4bybyADP_5 whichcase
5whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel14 effectedobl
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 prisonerdet
7prisonerprisonerNOUNNumber=Sing9 escapenmod:poss
8's'sPART_7 prisonercase
9escapeescapeNOUNNumber=Sing14 effectednsubj:pass
10fromfromADP_12 traincase
11thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 traindet
12traintrainNOUNNumber=Sing9 escapenmod
13wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin14 effectedaux:pass
14effectedaffectVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass3 stratagemacl:relcl
15..PUNCT_1 Ascertainpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ascertainimperativeyou not said herethe stratagemvn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stratagem=Topic
2affectpast · passivethe stratagemthe prisoner's escape from the trainvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer
3escapethe prisonerthe trainnom escape «act intransitive»: poss=agent from=place

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Rapid passage through a tunnel, followed by braking and a leap into the adjoining wood

The tree, 15 words
amodcasedetnmodpunctaclmarkadvclccdetconjcasedetamodnmodrootRapidADJpassageNOUNthroughADPaDETtunnelNOUN,PUNCTfollowedVERBbySCONJbrakingVERBandCCONJaDETleapNOUNintoADPtheDETadjoiningVERBwoodNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1RapidrapidADJDegree=Pos2 passageamod
2passagepassageNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
3throughthroughADP_5 tunnelcase
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art5 tunneldet
5tunneltunnelNOUNNumber=Sing2 passagenmod
6,,PUNCT_7 followedpunct
7followedfollowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass5 tunnelacl
8bybySCONJ_9 brakingmark
9brakingbrakeVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part7 followedadvcl
10andandCCONJ_12 leapcc
11aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art12 leapdet
12leapleapNOUNNumber=Sing2 passageconj
13intointoADP_16 woodcase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 wooddet
15adjoiningadjoinVERBVerbForm=Ger16 woodamod
16woodwoodNOUNNumber=Sing2 passagenmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1followparticiplea tunnel not said herevn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2brakegerundtree rules
3adjoingerundvn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

A long chase through the fields and a daring swim across the river

detamodcasedetnmodccdetamodconjcasedetnmodrootADETlongADJchaseNOUNthroughADPtheDETfieldsNOUNandCCONJaDETdaringADJswimNOUNacrossADPtheDETriverNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art3 chasedet
2longlongADJDegree=Pos3 chaseamod
3chasechaseNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
4throughthroughADP_6 fieldscase
5thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 fieldsdet
6fieldsfieldNOUNNumber=Plur3 chasenmod
7andandCCONJ_10 swimcc
8aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art10 swimdet
9daringdaringADJDegree=Pos10 swimamod
10swimswimNOUNNumber=Sing3 chaseconj
11acrossacrossADP_13 rivercase
12thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 riverdet
13riverriverNOUNNumber=Sing10 swimnmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Deceit of the guard, a bribe, and a sudden swim across the river

The tree, 13 words
casedetnmodpunctdetconjpunctccdetamodconjcasedetnmodrootDeceitNOUNofADPtheDETguardNOUN,PUNCTaDETbribeNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJaDETsuddenADJswimNOUNacrossADPtheDETriverNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1DeceitdeceitNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
2ofofADP_4 guardcase
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 guarddet
4guardguardNOUNNumber=Sing1 Deceitnmod
5,,PUNCT_7 bribepunct
6aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art7 bribedet
7bribebribeNOUNNumber=Sing1 Deceitconj
8,,PUNCT_12 swimpunct
9andandCCONJ_12 swimcc
10aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art12 swimdet
11suddensuddenADJDegree=Pos12 swimamod
12swimswimNOUNNumber=Sing1 Deceitconj
13acrossacrossADP_15 rivercase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art15 riverdet
15riverriverNOUNNumber=Sing12 swimnmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Rapid passage through a long tunnel, followed by sudden braking, a leap into the adjoining wood, and a long hide-out

The tree, 21 words
amodcasedetamodnmodpunctaclcaseamodoblpunctdetconjcasedetamodnmodpunctccdetamodcompoundpunctconjrootRapidADJpassageNOUNthroughADPaDETlongADJtunnelNOUN,PUNCTfollowedVERBbyADPsuddenADJbrakingNOUN,PUNCTaDETleapNOUNintoADPtheDETadjoiningVERBwoodNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJaDETlongADJhideNOUN-PUNCToutNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1RapidrapidADJDegree=Pos2 passageamod
2passagepassageNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
3throughthroughADP_6 tunnelcase
4aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art6 tunneldet
5longlongADJDegree=Pos6 tunnelamod
6tunneltunnelNOUNNumber=Sing2 passagenmod
7,,PUNCT_8 followedpunct
8followedfollowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass6 tunnelacl
9bybyADP_11 brakingcase
10suddensuddenADJDegree=Pos11 brakingamod
11brakingbrakingNOUNNumber=Sing8 followedobl
12,,PUNCT_14 leappunct
13aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art14 leapdet
14leapleapNOUNNumber=Sing2 passageconj
15intointoADP_18 woodcase
16thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 wooddet
17adjoiningadjoinVERBVerbForm=Ger18 woodamod
18woodwoodNOUNNumber=Sing14 leapnmod
19,,PUNCT_25 outpunct
20andandCCONJ_25 outcc
21aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art25 outdet
22longlongADJDegree=Pos25 outamod
23hidehideNOUNNumber=Sing25 outcompound
24--PUNCT_23 hidepunct
25outoutNOUNNumber=Sing2 passageconj
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1followparticiplea long tunnel not said hereby sudden brakingvn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by braking=Location
2adjoingerundvn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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