Exam question 1 · Pink Fairy Book, Rose-Leaf and Apple-Blossom, part 15: the…

In the tale, what instructions did the hermit give the old man concerning the apple, and how did the old man fail to observe them?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: old man · What happens: give, concern, do, observe · To what, where: old man, tale, apple, old man fail, instructions

This is exam question 1 of lesson 675 «Pink Fairy Book, Rose-Leaf and Apple-Blossom, part 15: the prince finds his brothers, and the old man finds a baby girl» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 tale	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 tale	det
3	tale	tale	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 give	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 tale	punct
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 did	obj
6	instructions	instruction	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 did	nsubj
7	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 give	aux
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hermit	det
9	hermit	hermit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 did	obj
10	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 man	det
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 man	amod
13	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 give	obj
14	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 man	acl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 apple	det
16	apple	apple	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 concerning	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 did	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 did	cc
19	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	20 did	advmod
20	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 give	parataxis
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 fail	det
22	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 fail	amod
23	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 fail	compound
24	fail	fail	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 did	obj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 observe	mark
26	observe	observe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 fail	acl
27	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 observe	obj
28	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 give	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	give	past · do-support		the old man	the tale	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme
2	concern	gerund	the old man not said here	the apple		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus apple=Experiencer
3	do	past		the old man fail		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fail=Eventuality
4	observe	to-infinitive		instructions = instruction		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He was meant to share it, but he gobbled the lot up from thirst

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 meant	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 meant	aux:pass
3	meant	mean	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 share	mark
5	share	share	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 meant	xcomp
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 share	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 gobbled	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 gobbled	cc
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 gobbled	nsubj
10	gobbled	gobble	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 meant	conj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 lot	det
12	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gobbled	obj
13	up	up	ADV	_	10 gobbled	advmod
14	from	from	ADP	_	15 thirst	case
15	thirst	thirst	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gobbled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	mean	past · passive		He		tree rules
2	share not said to happen	to-infinitive		it		tree rules
3	gobble up	past	he	the lot	thirst	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent lot=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He was told to eat half and give the rest to his wife, but in his thirst he ate the whole apple

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 told	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 told	aux:pass
3	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 eat	mark
5	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 told	xcomp
6	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	5 eat	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 give	cc
8	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 eat	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 rest	det
10	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 give	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 wife	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 wife	nmod:poss
13	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 give	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 ate	punct
15	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 ate	cc
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 thirst	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 thirst	nmod:poss
18	thirst	thirst	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 ate	obl
19	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 ate	nsubj
20	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 told	parataxis
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 apple	det
22	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 apple	amod
23	apple	apple	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 ate	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past · passive		He			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	eat not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	half			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Patient
3	give	infinitive	He not said here	the rest	his wife		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent rest=Theme to wife=Recipient
4	eat	past	he	the whole apple		his thirst	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient
5	thirst		his = he				nom thirst «state intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

He was meant to save some for his wife, yet he swallowed all of it because he was thirsty and tired

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 meant	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 meant	aux:pass
3	meant	mean	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 save	mark
5	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 meant	xcomp
6	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	5 save	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 wife	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wife	nmod:poss
9	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 save	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 swallowed	punct
11	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	13 swallowed	cc
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 swallowed	nsubj
13	swallowed	swallow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 meant	conj
14	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 swallowed	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 it	case
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 all	nmod
17	because	because	SCONJ	_	20 thirsty	mark
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 thirsty	nsubj
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 thirsty	cop
20	thirsty	thirsty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 meant	advcl
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 tired	cc
22	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 thirsty	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	mean	past · passive		He		tree rules
2	save not said to happen	to-infinitive		some	for his wife	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent some=Theme for wife=Beneficiary
3	swallow	past	he	all		vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Patient
4	is	past	he		thirsty property	tree rules
5	be		he not said here			tree rules

Option 4

He was told to eat half and give the rest to his wife and to keep it secret, but in his thirst he ate the whole apple on the road home

The tree, 31 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 told	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 told	aux:pass
3	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 eat	mark
5	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 told	xcomp
6	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	5 eat	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 give	cc
8	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 eat	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 rest	det
10	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 give	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 wife	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 wife	nmod:poss
13	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 give	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 keep	cc
15	to	to	PART	_	16 keep	mark
16	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 eat	conj
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 keep	obj
18	secret	secret	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 keep	xcomp
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 ate	punct
20	but	but	CCONJ	_	25 ate	cc
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 thirst	case
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 thirst	nmod:poss
23	thirst	thirst	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 ate	obl
24	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 ate	nsubj
25	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 told	parataxis
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 apple	det
27	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 apple	amod
28	apple	apple	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 ate	obj
29	on	on	ADP	_	31 road	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 road	det
31	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 ate	obl
32	home	home	ADV	_	25 ate	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past · passive		He				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	eat not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	half				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Patient
3	give	infinitive	He not said here	the rest	his wife			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent rest=Theme to wife=Recipient
4	keep	to-infinitive	He not said here	rest			secret property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
5	eat	past	he	the whole apple		his thirst	on the road; home property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient
6	thirst		his = he					nom thirst «state intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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