Test 2 · ★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got… Mia, Gen Z: "Leopard on the veldt was highkey invisible, it's giving ninja." ("highkey" = very obviously, "it's giving" = it looks like.) Why was he so hard to see there?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mia Gen Z, Leopard, Z, he · What happens: be, give, look · To what, where: ninja, highkey
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 77 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Mia, Gen Z: "Leopard on the veldt was highkey invisible, it's giving ninja."
compound punct compound nsubj punct punct nsubj case det nmod cop amod punct nsubj aux parataxis obj punct punct root Mia PROPN , PUNCT Gen PROPN Z NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT Leopard NOUN on ADP the DET veldt NOUN was AUX highkey ADJ invisible ADJ , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX giving VERB ninja NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mia Mia PROPN Number=Sing 4 Z compound 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Mia punct 3 Gen Gen PROPN Number=Sing 4 Z compound 4 Z z NOUN Number=Sing 13 invisible nsubj 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 Leopard punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 7 Leopard punct 7 Leopard leopard NOUN Number=Sing 13 invisible nsubj 8 on on ADP _ 10 veldt case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 veldt det 10 veldt veldt NOUN Number=Sing 7 Leopard nmod 11 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 invisible cop 12 highkey highkey ADJ Degree=Pos 13 invisible amod 13 invisible invisible ADJ Degree=Pos root root 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 giving punct 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 giving nsubj 16 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 giving aux 17 giving give VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 invisible parataxis 18 ninja ninja NOUN Number=Sing 17 giving obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 17 giving punct 20 " " PUNCT _ 17 giving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote past Mia Gen Z invisible property tree rules 2 give in a quote present · progressive Leopard ninja vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ninja=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("highkey" = very obviously, "it's giving" = it looks like.)
punct punct punct punct advmod conj punct punct nsubj aux acl punct punct nsubj conj mark punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT highkey NOUN " PUNCT = SYM very ADV obviously ADV , PUNCT " PUNCT it PRON 's AUX giving VERB " PUNCT = PUNCT it PRON looks VERB like SCONJ . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 highkey punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 highkey punct 3 highkey highkey NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 highkey punct 5 = = SYM _ 7 obviously punct 6 very very ADV _ 7 obviously advmod 7 obviously obviously ADV _ 3 highkey conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 obviously punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 12 giving punct 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 giving nsubj 11 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 giving aux 12 giving give VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 highkey acl 13 " " PUNCT _ 12 giving punct 14 = = PUNCT _ 16 looks punct 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 looks nsubj 16 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 highkey conj 17 like like SCONJ _ 16 looks mark 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 highkey punct 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 highkey punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give in a quote present · progressive Z highkey not said here vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent highkey=Theme 2 look present Z vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Sentence 3: Why was he so hard to see there?
advmod cop nsubj advmod advmod mark advmod punct root Why ADV was AUX he PRON so ADV hard ADV to PART see VERB there ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Why why ADV PronType=Int 7 see advmod 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 see cop 3 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 see nsubj 4 so so ADV _ 5 hard advmod 5 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 7 see advmod 6 to to PART _ 7 see mark 7 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 there there ADV PronType=Dem 7 see advmod 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 7 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past he there hard, see property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice He could make himself small like a rock-rabbit at will
nsubj aux obj xcomp case det compound punct obl case advcl root He PRON could AUX make VERB himself PRON small ADJ like ADP a DET rock NOUN - PUNCT rabbit NOUN at ADP will AUX The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 make nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 make aux 3 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 3 make obj 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 make xcomp 6 like like ADP _ 10 rabbit case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 rabbit det 8 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 10 rabbit compound 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 rock punct 10 rabbit rabbit NOUN Number=Sing 3 make obl 11 at at ADP _ 12 will case 12 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 make advcl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make could He himself = he like a rock rabbit; small property vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Product
Option 2 He hid behind Baviaan, who was much bigger than him
nsubj case obj punct nsubj cop advmod amod case obl root He PRON hid VERB behind ADP Baviaan PROPN , PUNCT who PRON was AUX much ADV bigger ADJ than ADP him PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 hid nsubj 2 hid hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 behind behind ADP _ 4 Baviaan case 4 Baviaan Baviaan PROPN Number=Sing 2 hid obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 bigger punct 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 bigger nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 bigger cop 8 much much ADV _ 9 bigger advmod 9 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 Baviaan amod 10 than than ADP _ 11 him case 11 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 bigger obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hide past He Baviaan vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baviaan=Patient 2 is past Baviaan than Baviaan; big property tree rules
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer His colour matched the sand, rocks and grass exactly
nmod:poss nsubj det obj punct conj cc conj advmod root His PRON colour NOUN matched VERB the DET sand NOUN , PUNCT rocks NOUN and CCONJ grass NOUN exactly ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 colour nmod:poss 2 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 3 matched nsubj 3 matched match VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sand det 5 sand sand NOUN Number=Sing 3 matched obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 rocks punct 7 rocks rock NOUN Number=Plur 5 sand conj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 grass cc 9 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 5 sand conj 10 exactly exactly ADV _ 3 matched advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 match past His colour the sand and rocks and grass exactly property vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sand=Patient
Option 4 He only ever came out to hunt in the middle of night
nsubj advmod advmod advmod mark advcl case det obl case nmod root He PRON only ADV ever ADV came VERB out ADV to PART hunt VERB in ADP the DET middle NOUN of ADP night NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 came nsubj 2 only only ADV _ 4 came advmod 3 ever ever ADV PronType=Ind 4 came advmod 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 out out ADV _ 4 came advmod 6 to to PART _ 7 hunt mark 7 hunt hunt VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 came advcl 8 in in ADP _ 10 middle case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 middle det 10 middle middle NOUN Number=Sing 7 hunt obl 11 of of ADP _ 12 night case 12 night night NOUN Number=Sing 10 middle nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come out past He ever out property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient 2 hunt to-infinitive He not said here the middle of night vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in middle=Location
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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