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Exam question 4 · Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2:…

It is given that the end-song expresses a wish of its author. Select the response which most accurately characterises that wish.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: end song, author, you · What happens: give, express, wish, select, characteris · To what, where: It, wish, response

This is exam question 4 of lesson 83 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2: swimming lessons, curling lessons, and a new name» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the end-song expresses a wish of its author.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 expresses	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 song	det
6	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 song	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 end	punct
8	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 expresses	nsubj
9	expresses	express	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 wish	det
11	wish	wish	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 expresses	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 author	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 author	nmod:poss
14	author	author	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 wish	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	express	present	the end song	a wish of song's author					vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wish=Theme
3	wish		song's author						nom wish «feeling intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the response which most accurately characterises that wish.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 characterises	obj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 response	acl:relcl
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 wish	det
9	wish	wish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	characteris	present		the response				accurately property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

To roll down to Rio some day before he is old

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 roll	mark
2	roll	roll	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	down	down	ADV	_	2 roll	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 Rio	case
5	Rio	Rio	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 roll	obl
6	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	7 day	det
7	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 roll	obl:unmarked
8	before	before	SCONJ	_	11 old	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 old	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 old	cop
11	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 roll	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	roll down	to-infinitive			Rio		day	down property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent to rio=Result
2	is	present	Rio					old property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

To visit the Amazon with his best friends one day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 visit	mark
2	visit	visit	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Amazon	det
4	Amazon	Amazon	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 visit	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 friends	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 friends	nmod:poss
7	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 friends	amod
8	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 visit	obl
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 day	nummod
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 visit	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	visit	to-infinitive		the Amazon			day	with his best friends	vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amazon=Co-Agent

Option 3

To sail to Brazil and never return

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 sail	mark
2	sail	sail	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 Brazil	case
4	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sail	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 return	cc
6	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	7 return	advmod
7	return	return	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 sail	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sail	to-infinitive				Brazil			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to brazil=Trajectory
2	not return	infinitive							vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

To see England again before he dies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 see	mark
2	see	see	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 see	obj
4	again	again	ADV	_	2 see	advmod
5	before	before	SCONJ	_	7 dies	mark
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 dies	nsubj
7	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 see	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	to-infinitive		England			again		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer england=Stimulus
2	die	present	England						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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