Test 4 · ★ · Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 2:…

Josh, a bit mardy (sulky): «Stranger-man just ran off and nicked the bark.» What did he really do with it?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Stranger man, man · What happens: run off, nick, do · To what, where: bark

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 85 «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 2: the picture goes wrong and the whole Tribe comes» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Josh, a bit mardy (sulky): «Stranger-man just ran off and nicked the bark.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Josh	Josh	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 mardy	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Josh	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bit	det
4	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 mardy	obl:unmarked
5	mardy	mardy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	(	(	PUNCT	_	7 sulky	punct
7	sulky	sulky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 mardy	parataxis
8	)	)	PUNCT	_	7 sulky	punct
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	15 ran	punct
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 man	punct
11	Stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 man	compound
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 Stranger	punct
13	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ran	nsubj
14	just	just	ADV	_	15 ran	advmod
15	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 mardy	parataxis
16	off	off	ADP	_	15 ran	compound:prt
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 nicked	cc
18	nicked	nick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 ran	conj
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 bark	det
20	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 nicked	obj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 mardy	punct
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 mardy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run off in a quote	past	Stranger man						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	nick in a quote	past	Stranger man not said here	the bark					vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What did he really do with it?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 did	nsubj
2	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 do	nsubj
4	really	really	ADV	_	5 do	advmod
5	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 did	parataxis
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 do	obl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past							vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	do	present	man					with bit	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

Carried it miles away to a far-off cave and gave it to a stranger who wanted it

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Carried	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Carried	obj
3	miles	mile	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 away	obl:unmarked
4	away	away	ADV	_	1 Carried	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	10 cave	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 cave	det
7	far	far	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 off	amod
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 far	punct
9	off	off	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cave	compound
10	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Carried	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 gave	cc
12	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Carried	conj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 gave	obj
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 stranger	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 stranger	det
16	stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 gave	obl
17	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 wanted	nsubj
18	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 stranger	acl:relcl
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 wanted	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	carry	past		it		a off cave	away property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to cave=Destination
2	give	past		cave	a stranger			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to stranger=Recipient
3	want	past	a stranger	cave				vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme

Option 2

Took it home and hid it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Took	obj
3	home	home	ADV	_	1 Took	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 hid	cc
5	hid	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Took	conj
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 hid	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past		it				home property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	hide	past		it					vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Option 3

Kept it in his pocket for later use

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Kept	obj
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 pocket	case
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 pocket	nmod:poss
5	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Kept	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 use	case
7	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 use	advmod
8	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Kept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past		it		his pocket		for use	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in pocket=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Ran miles to the Cave and politely handed it to Teshumai

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ran	ran	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 miles	amod
2	miles	mile	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 handed	nsubj
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 Cave	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Cave	det
5	Cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 miles	nmod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 politely	cc
7	politely	politely	ADV	_	8 handed	advmod
8	handed	hand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 handed	obj
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 Teshumai	case
11	Teshumai	Teshumai	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 handed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hand	past	Ran miles to the Cave	Cave	Teshumai			politely property	vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to teshumai=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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