Test 5 · ★ · Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 2:…

What would have saved all the trouble?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: save · To what, where: trouble

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 85 «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 2: the picture goes wrong and the whole Tribe comes» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 saved	nsubj:pass
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 saved	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 saved	aux
4	saved	save	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 trouble	det:predet
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 trouble	det
7	trouble	trouble	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 saved	obj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 saved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save	would · perfect · passive		all trouble					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary trouble=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Sending someone who could talk their language with the picture

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sending	send	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Sending	obj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 talk	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 talk	aux
5	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 someone	acl:relcl
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 language	nmod:poss
7	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 talk	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 picture	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 picture	det
10	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 talk	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	send	gerund		someone					vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme
2	talk	could		their language				with the picture	tree rules

Option 2

Staying home at the Cave and sending a message by beaver to explain everything to the Tribe

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Staying	stay	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	home	home	ADV	_	1 Staying	advmod
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 Cave	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Cave	det
5	Cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Staying	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 sending	cc
7	sending	send	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Staying	conj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 message	det
9	message	message	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sending	obj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 beaver	case
11	beaver	beaver	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sending	obl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 explain	mark
13	explain	explain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Staying	advcl
14	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	13 explain	obj
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 Tribe	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Tribe	det
17	Tribe	Tribe	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 explain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	stay	gerund			the Cave	home property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at cave=Location
2	send	gerund	a message			by beaver	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme
3	explain speech: assert	to-infinitive	everything	the Tribe			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent everything=Topic to tribe=Recipient

Option 3

Sending someone who could talk their language, carrying the picture, to explain it to the Tribe

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sending	send	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 explain	csubj
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Sending	obj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 talk	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 talk	aux
5	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 someone	acl:relcl
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 language	nmod:poss
7	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 talk	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 carrying	punct
9	carrying	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Sending	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 picture	det
11	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carrying	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 explain	punct
13	to	to	PART	_	14 explain	mark
14	explain	explain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 explain	obj
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 Tribe	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Tribe	det
18	Tribe	Tribe	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 explain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	send	gerund		someone		vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme
2	talk	could		their language		vn compel-59.1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent language=Patient
3	carry	gerund		the picture		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Theme
4	explain speech: assert	to-infinitive	Sending	picture	the Tribe	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Topic to tribe=Recipient

Option 4

Drawing the spear on the inside of the Cave

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drawing	draw	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 spear	det
3	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Drawing	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 inside	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 inside	det
6	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Drawing	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 Cave	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Cave	det
9	Cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 inside	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	gerund		the spear		the inside of the Cave			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent spear=Theme on inside=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/85-justso-first-letter-2-the-whole-tribe-comes/t5/