Test 4 · Solids, liquids and gases
The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows. What do you say?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: tour guide, old church windows, glass, you · What happens: say, be, flow · To what, where: bottom · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 of lesson 4 «Solids, liquids and gases» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 guide | det |
| 2 | tour | tour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 guide | compound |
| 3 | guide | guide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 windows | det |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 windows | amod |
| 7 | church | church | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 windows | compound |
| 8 | windows | window | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 thick | nsubj |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 thick | cop |
| 10 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 says | ccomp |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 bottom | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bottom | det |
| 13 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 thick | obl |
| 14 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 16 flows | mark |
| 15 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 flows | nsubj |
| 16 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 thick | advcl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | the tour guide | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is | present | the old church windows | the bottom | thick property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | flow | present | glass | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What do you say?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 say | obj |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 say | aux |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 say | nsubj |
| 4 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 say | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · do-support | you | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
The options
Option 1
He is right, but only in cold churches
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 churches | punct |
| 5 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 churches | cc |
| 6 | only | only | ADV | _ | 9 churches | advmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 churches | case |
| 8 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 churches | amod |
| 9 | churches | church | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 right | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | He | cold churches | right property | tree rules |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
Glass only flows under water
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | nsubj |
| 2 | only | only | ADV | _ | 3 flows | advmod |
| 3 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | under | under | ADP | _ | 5 water | case |
| 5 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flow | present | Glass | water | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under water=Location |
Option 3
He is right, glass is a liquid that has been slowly dripping down for hundreds of years
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 liquid | punct |
| 5 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 liquid | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 liquid | cop |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 liquid | det |
| 8 | liquid | liquid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 right | parataxis |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 dripping | nsubj |
| 10 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 dripping | aux |
| 11 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 dripping | aux |
| 12 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 13 dripping | advmod |
| 13 | dripping | drip | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 liquid | acl:relcl |
| 14 | down | down | ADP | _ | 13 dripping | compound:prt |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 hundreds | case |
| 16 | hundreds | hundred | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 dripping | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 years | case |
| 18 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 hundreds | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | He | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | glass | a liquid | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | drip down | present · perfect · progressive | a liquid | for hundreds of years; slowly property | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
It is a myth; old panes were made uneven and some are thicker at the top
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 myth | expl |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 myth | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 myth | det |
| 4 | myth | myth | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 made | punct |
| 6 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 panes | amod |
| 7 | panes | pane | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 made | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 made | aux:pass |
| 9 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 myth | parataxis |
| 10 | uneven | uneven | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 made | xcomp |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 thicker | cc |
| 12 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 thicker | nsubj |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 thicker | cop |
| 14 | thicker | thick | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 9 made | conj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 top | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 top | det |
| 17 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 thicker | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a myth | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | make | past · passive | old panes | uneven property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | is | present | some | the top | thick property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/t4/