Solids, liquids and gases

Tests: 7 of 10 right · Exam: 2 of 4 right · Kind: plain · Understood: 11 of 14 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 4 of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · wrong ✗

Your friend says: "Air is nothing, you can't push against it." What does the syringe show?

1. Air is a liquid that cannot be squashed at all — no support
2. Air is a gas that pushes back when squashed — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. Air only pushes back when it is wet — ← Mova's choice · score 8
4. Air really is nothing at all — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 3 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 4, line 9: «Squashed air pushes back hard, which is how bike tyres and footballs work.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «push back» (+4); the same doer «squashed air» (+4). The right option, 2, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · right ✓

What would happen to a blown-up balloon left in a cold car overnight?

1. It would turn into a liquid — score 8
2. It would shrink a little and grow back when warmed — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 12
3. It would grow bigger and bigger in the cold until it popped — score 8
4. It would burst from the cold — score 6

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 12, against 8 for the next best. Its support: lesson 4, line 10: «A blown-up balloon shrinks a little in the cold and grows again when warmed.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «shrink» (+4); the same doer «blown balloon» (+4); the same thing acted on «little» (+4). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · wrong ✗

"steam's just hot water innit, it can't burn worse" Is that right?

1. No, steam gives out extra heat as it turns back to water — ✓ the right answer · score 8
2. No, steam burns because it is on fire — ← Mova's choice · score 12
3. Yes, steam can't burn at all — score 2
4. Yes, steam is always much cooler than the boiling water it came from — score 4

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 12, against 8 for the next best. Its support: lesson 4, line 15: «Steam can burn worse than boiling water, because it gives out extra heat as it turns back into water.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «burn» (+4); the same doer «steam» (+4); its «because» matches the remembered cause (+4). The right option, 1, scored 8. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · wrong ✗

The tour guide says the old church windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows. What do you say?

1. He is right, but only in cold churches — no support
2. Glass only flows under water — ← Mova's choice · score 8
3. He is right, glass is a liquid that has been slowly dripping down for hundreds of years — no support
4. It is a myth; old panes were made uneven and some are thicker at the top — ✓ the right answer · score 8

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 2 with score 8, tied with another option at 8 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 4, line 19: «Glass is a solid with jumbled particles; the idea that old windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows is a myth: old panes were simply made uneven, an…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «flow» (+4); the same doer «glass» (+4). The right option, 4, scored 8. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · right ✓

In a cartoon, someone pours a gas into a jar and it sits at the bottom like water, filling half. What is wrong?

1. Gases turn solid in jars — no support
2. Air-like gases spread to fill the whole jar — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
3. Gases always float out of jars — no support
4. Nothing, gases always fill exactly half of whatever they are poured into — score 6

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 6, tied with another option at 6 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 4, line 8: «A gas spreads out to fill all the space it is in, and it can be squashed because its particles are far apart.», reached through a sentence linked to the one the question matched. What matched: the same action «spread out» (+2); the same doer «gas» (+2); its «because» matches the remembered cause (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · right ✓

Your sister asks: "Is fire a solid, a liquid or a gas?" Best answer?

1. Mostly glowing hot gas — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. None, fire is not made of anything — no support
3. A liquid made of pure light — no support
4. A solid you can't touch — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · right ✓

Why do bubbles in a glass of fizzy drink always rise?

1. Bubbles are pulled up by the light shining down on the glass — no support
2. The glass pushes them up from the sides — no support
3. Gas is much lighter than the liquid around it — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 12
4. Bubbles are filled with helium — no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 3 with score 12, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 4, line 16: «Fizzy water has carbon dioxide gas dissolved in it under pressure; the gas escapes as bubbles, and warm drinks lose it faster; the bubbles rise because gas is…», reached through the cause of the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «gas» (+4); the same circumstance (+4); the same property (+2); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · right ✓

"why can't I squash water in the syringe but I can squash air, makes no sense" Best answer?

1. Water's particles are already close, air's are far apart — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
2. It is only because the plunger is wet — no support
3. Air is slippery and water is sticky — no support
4. Water is heavier than the syringe, so the plunger cannot lift it — no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 4, line 8: «A gas spreads out to fill all the space it is in, and it can be squashed because its particles are far apart.», reached through the cause of the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «particles» (+4); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · right ✓

Your mate says slime is just a liquid. What happens if he punches a big bowl of cornflour slime?

1. It goes hard under his fist — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
2. It freezes solid and stays solid — score 2
3. His fist splashes right through — no support
4. It turns into a cloud of gas — score 2

Why: It took the question to ask what happens next. It chose option 1 with score 6, against 2 for the next best. Its support: lesson 4, line 12: «Toothpaste and ketchup are fine solid bits in a liquid; they sit still until pushed hard enough, then flow.», reached through what followed the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «toothpaste» (+4); the same property (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · right ✓

What would happen to fizzy water left warm and open on a table?

1. Nothing at all would change while it sits there — no support
2. It would lose its gas faster and go flat — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
3. It would get more and more fizzy as it warms up — no support
4. It would slowly dry out into a sticky solid — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 4, line 16: «Fizzy water has carbon dioxide gas dissolved in it under pressure; the gas escapes as bubbles, and warm drinks lose it faster; the bubbles rise because gas is…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «fizzy water» (+2); the same thing acted on «dioxide gas» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the behaviour of a liquid?

1. It may be compressed into a fraction of its volume — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. It retains its own shape irrespective of any container into which it is placed — no support
3. It expands so as to occupy the entirety of any container — no support
4. It assumes the shape of its container whilst retaining a fixed volume — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: Nothing it remembers matched the question, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · wrong ✗

Identify the principal reason for which a gas, unlike a liquid, may be readily compressed.

1. Gases are devoid of particles altogether — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The particles of a gas are considerably larger than those of a liquid — no support
3. The particles of a gas are widely separated from one another — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. The particles of a gas are held in fixed positions — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · right ✓

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the visible white cloud issuing from a kettle.

1. It consists of air rendered visible by heat — no support
2. It consists of steam, which is invariably white and visible at all temperatures — no support
3. It consists of minute water droplets condensed from invisible steam — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8
4. It consists of smoke produced by the heating element — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 4, line 14: «Real steam is an invisible gas; the white cloud from a kettle is tiny water droplets formed as the steam cools, so the real steam is in the clear gap right at…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «white cloud» (+4); the same circumstance (+4). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · right ✓

It is asserted that window glass is a liquid flowing imperceptibly. Determine the validity of this assertion.

1. The assertion is correct for coloured glass alone — no support
2. The assertion is correct solely in warm climates — no support
3. The assertion is a myth, glass being a solid at ordinary temperatures — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8
4. The assertion is correct in all respects — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 4, line 19: «Glass is a solid with jumbled particles; the idea that old windows are thick at the bottom because glass flows is a myth: old panes were simply made uneven, an…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «glass» (+4); the same property (+2); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/