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Test 5 · How to learn spellings that stick

«spelling tests are a scam, skip 'em, love». What could Kiera think instead?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: spelling tests, Kiera · What happens: be, skip, think · To what, where: scam, 'em

This is test 5 of lesson 15 «How to learn spellings that stick» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «spelling tests are a scam, skip 'em, love».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 scam	punct
2	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tests	compound
3	tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 scam	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 scam	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 scam	det
6	scam	scam	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 skip	punct
8	skip	skip	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 scam	parataxis
9	'em	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 skip	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 love	punct
11	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 skip	obj
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 love	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 scam	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	spelling tests	a scam					tree rules
2	skip in a quote	infinitive		'em = they					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What could Kiera think instead?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 think	obj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 think	aux
3	Kiera	Kiera	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 think	nsubj
4	think	think	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	instead	instead	ADV	_	4 think	advmod
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 think	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	could	Kiera					instead property	vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

The options

Option 1

Tests are only for teachers' fun, so she can skip them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 fun	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 fun	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	7 fun	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	7 fun	case
5	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 fun	nmod:poss
6	'	's	PART	_	5 teachers	case
7	fun	fun	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 skip	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 skip	advmod
10	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 skip	nsubj
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 skip	aux
12	skip	skip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 fun	conj
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 skip	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Tests					for teachers's fun	tree rules
2	skip	can	she	Tests = test					vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Agent

Option 2

Tests decide her whole future

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 decide	nsubj
2	decide	decide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 future	nmod:poss
4	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 future	amod
5	future	future	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 decide	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	decide	present	Tests	her whole future					vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent future=Topic

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The test is practice that shows what to work on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 test	det
2	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 practice	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 practice	cop
4	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 shows	nsubj
6	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 practice	acl:relcl
7	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	9 work	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 work	mark
9	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 shows	xcomp
10	on	on	ADP	_	9 work	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the test	practice					tree rules
2	show	present	practice						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	work on	to-infinitive	practice not said here						vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent what=Material

Option 4

Her dad is right; tests are useless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 dad	nmod:poss
2	dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 useless	punct
6	tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 useless	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 useless	cop
8	useless	useless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Her dad					right property	tree rules
2	is	present	tests					useless property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/t5/