Test 8 · ★ · Inference: reading between the lines
In a cartoon, a character's face turns red and steam comes out of its ears. What feeling does this show?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: face, steam, feeling · What happens: turn, come out, show · To what, where: cartoon, ears
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 18 «Inference: reading between the lines» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a character's face turns red and steam comes out of its ears.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 turns | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 cartoon | punct |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 character | det |
| 6 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 face | nmod:poss |
| 7 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 6 character | case |
| 8 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 turns | nsubj |
| 9 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 turns | xcomp |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 comes | cc |
| 12 | steam | steam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 comes | nsubj |
| 13 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 turns | conj |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 ears | case |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 ears | case |
| 16 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 ears | nmod:poss |
| 17 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 comes | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 turns | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present | a character's face | a cartoon | red property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | come out | present | steam | steam's ears | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient ear=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What feeling does this show?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 show | obj |
| 2 | feeling | feeling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 show | nsubj |
| 3 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 show | aux |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 show | nsubj |
| 5 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 show | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present · do-support | feeling | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Cold
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
Boredom
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Boredom | boredom | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
Anger
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Anger | anger | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
Hunger after missing lunch at school
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hunger | hunger | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | after | after | ADP | _ | 4 lunch | case |
| 3 | missing | missing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 lunch | amod |
| 4 | lunch | lunch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Hunger | nmod |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 school | case |
| 6 | school | school | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Hunger | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/18-inference-reading-between-the-lines/t8/