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Test 7 · ★ · Tricky words and common exception words

Nan in Bradford: «frend! he's got that dyslexia, I'm sure of it». What should she do?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Bradford, I, Nan · What happens: get, be, do · To what, where: frend

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 3 «Tricky words and common exception words» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Nan in Bradford: «frend! he's got that dyslexia, I'm sure of it».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nan	Nan	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 Bradford	case
3	Bradford	Bradford	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Nan	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 got	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 frend	punct
6	frend	frend	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 got	obl
7	!	!	PUNCT	_	6 frend	punct
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 got	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 got	aux
10	got	get	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	1 Nan	parataxis
11	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	12 dyslexia	det
12	dyslexia	dyslexia	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 got	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 sure	punct
14	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 sure	nsubj
15	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 sure	cop
16	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 got	conj
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 it	case
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 sure	obl
19	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 sure	punct
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Nan	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get in a quote	present · passive	Bradford	frend					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dyslexia=Stimulus
2	is in a quote	present	I					of dyslexia; sure property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should she do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 do	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 do	aux
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 do	nsubj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	should	Nan						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Buy him a computer so he never needs to spell again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Buy	buy	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Buy	iobj
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 computer	det
4	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Buy	obj
5	so	so	SCONJ	_	8 needs	mark
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 needs	nsubj
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 needs	advmod
8	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Buy	advcl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 spell	mark
10	spell	spell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 needs	xcomp
11	again	again	ADV	_	10 spell	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buy	imperative	you not said here	a computer	him = he				vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary computer=Theme
2	not need	present	he						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	spell not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here				again		vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Teach «a friend to the end», and talk to the teacher only if problems are wide and lasting

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teach	teach	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 friend	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 friend	det
4	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Teach	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 end	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 end	det
7	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 friend	nmod
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 friend	punct
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 talk	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 talk	cc
11	talk	talk	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Teach	parataxis
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 teacher	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 teacher	det
14	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 talk	obl
15	only	only	ADV	_	19 wide	advmod
16	if	if	SCONJ	_	19 wide	mark
17	problems	problem	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 wide	nsubj
18	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 wide	cop
19	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 talk	advcl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 lasting	cc
21	lasting	lasting	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 wide	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	imperative	you not said here		a friend				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Topic to end=Recipient
2	talk	infinitive						to the teacher	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to teacher=Co-Agent
3	is a condition, not said to happen	present	problems					wide property	tree rules
4	be		problems not said here						tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Stop him writing until the problem is fixed by itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Stop	obj
3	writing	write	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Stop	xcomp
4	until	until	SCONJ	_	8 fixed	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 problem	det
6	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fixed	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fixed	aux:pass
8	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 writing	advcl
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 itself	case
10	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	8 fixed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	imperative	you not said here	him = he					tree rules
2	write	gerund	you not said here						vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	fix	present · passive	problem	the problem					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4

Tell the school he has dyslexia

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 school	det
3	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tell	obj
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 has	nsubj
5	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	parataxis
6	dyslexia	dyslexia	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	the school					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent school=Recipient
2	have	present	he	dyslexia					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dyslexia=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/3-tricky-words-and-common-exception-words/t7/