Exam question 2 · Writing to inform, instruct and persuade

Which of the following most accurately characterises a non-chronological report?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: non-chronological report

This is exam question 2 of lesson 44 «Writing to inform, instruct and persuade» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 characterises	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 characterises	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 characterises	csubj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 report	det
9	non-chronological	non-chronological	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 report	amod
10	report	report	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a non-chronological report				accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Information organised by topic, customarily in the present tense

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Information	information	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	organised	organise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Information	acl
3	by	by	ADP	_	4 topic	case
4	topic	topic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 organised	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 tense	punct
6	customarily	customarily	ADV	_	10 tense	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 tense	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 tense	det
9	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 tense	amod
10	tense	tense	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Information	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	organise	participle		Information and the present tense not said here				by topic	tree rules

Option 2

A letter addressed to a person in authority

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 letter	det
2	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	addressed	address	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 letter	acl
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 person	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 addressed	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 authority	case
8	authority	authority	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 person	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	address	participle		a letter not said here				to a person in authority	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Events recounted strictly in order of time, in the past tense

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Events	event	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	recounted	recount	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Events	acl
3	strictly	strictly	ADV	_	2 recounted	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 order	case
5	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 recounted	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 time	case
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 order	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 tense	punct
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 tense	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 tense	det
11	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 tense	amod
12	tense	tense	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Events	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recount speech: other	participle		Events and the past tense not said here		order of time		strictly property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	order			time					nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

A narrative featuring a protagonist and an antagonist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 narrative	det
2	narrative	narrative	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	featuring	feature	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 narrative	acl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 protagonist	det
5	protagonist	protagonist	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 featuring	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 antagonist	cc
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 antagonist	det
8	antagonist	antagonist	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 protagonist	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feature	gerund	a narrative not said here	a protagonist and a antagonist					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/44-writing-to-inform-instruct-and-persuade/e2/