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Test 2 · ★★ · Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e

«fixin' to write stoped, looks kinda funny». Why does it look funny?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: fixin · What happens: write, stope, look

This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «fixin' to write stoped, looks kinda funny».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 fixin	punct
2	fixin	fixin	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 looks	nsubj
3	'	'	PUNCT	_	2 fixin	punct
4	to	to	PART	_	5 write	mark
5	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 fixin	acl
6	stoped	stope	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 write	xcomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 fixin	punct
8	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	kinda	kinda	ADV	_	10 funny	advmod
10	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 looks	xcomp
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 funny	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 looks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write in a quote	to-infinitive	fixin not said here						vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	stope in a quote	participle	fixin not said here						tree rules
3	look in a quote	present	fixin					funny property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why does it look funny?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 look	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 look	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 look	nsubj
4	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 look	xcomp
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present · do-support	fixin					funny property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It should be «stopt», the old Texas way

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 stopt	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 stopt	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 stopt	cop
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 stopt	punct
5	stopt	stopt	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 stopt	punct
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 way	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 way	det
9	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 way	amod
10	Texas	Texas	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 way	compound
11	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stopt	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	should	It	stopt and the old Texas way					tree rules

Option 2

It looks funny but «stoped» is right

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 looks	nsubj
2	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 looks	xcomp
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 right	cc
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 stoped	punct
6	stoped	stope	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 but	acl
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 stoped	punct
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 right	cop
9	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 looks	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present	It					funny property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	stope in a quote	participle							tree rules
3	is	present						right property	tree rules

Option 3

It looks funny because «stop» has no past tense

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 looks	nsubj
2	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 looks	xcomp
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 has	mark
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 stop	punct
6	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	8 has	nsubj
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 stop	punct
8	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 looks	advcl
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	11 tense	det
10	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 tense	amod
11	tense	tense	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present	It					funny property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	stop in a quote	infinitive							vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	have	present		no past tense					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tense=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Short vowel, one final consonant: double it to «stopped»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 vowel	amod
2	vowel	vowel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 consonant	punct
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 consonant	nummod
5	final	final	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 consonant	amod
6	consonant	consonant	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 vowel	conj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 double	punct
8	double	double	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 vowel	appos
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 double	obj
10	to	to	SCONJ	_	12 stopped	mark
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 stopped	punct
12	stopped	stop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 double	advcl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 double	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	double	infinitive		consonant					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
2	stop in a quote	participle							vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/t2/