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Test 7 · ★★ · Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e

In a cartoon, a teacher says: «Double the last letter before every -ing!» Which word proves her wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: teacher, word · What happens: say, double, prove · To what, where: cartoon, last letter, wrong · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a teacher says: «Double the last letter before every -ing!»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 says	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 teacher	det
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 says	nsubj
7	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 Double	punct
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 Double	punct
10	Double	double	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 says	ccomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 letter	det
12	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 letter	amod
13	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 Double	obj
14	before	before	ADP	_	17 ing	case
15	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	17 ing	det
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 every	punct
17	ing	ing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 Double	obl
18	!	!	PUNCT	_	10 Double	punct
19	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 Double	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: express	present	a teacher			a cartoon			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	double in a quote	infinitive		the last letter			before every ing		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent letter=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which word proves her wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 word	det
2	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 proves	nsubj
3	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 wrong	nmod:poss
5	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 proves	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 proves	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present	which word	word's wrong					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wrong=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

swimming

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	swimming	swimming	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

running

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	running	run	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

gardening

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	gardening	gardening	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

sitting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	sitting	sit	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	gerund							vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/t7/