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Test 4 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and t…

Dad: "This sofa's on its last legs, we'll need a new one." What is true about the sofa?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Dad · What happens: need, be · To what, where: new one

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 3 «Soft words for hard things: death and dying, illness and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Dad: "This sofa's on its last legs, we'll need a new one."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 need	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 legs	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 legs	punct
4	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 sofa	det
5	sofa	sofa	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 legs	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 sofa	case
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 legs	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 legs	nmod:poss
9	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 legs	amod
10	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Dad	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Dad	punct
12	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 need	nsubj
13	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 need	aux
14	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 one	det
16	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 one	amod
17	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 need	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 need	punct
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need in a quote	future	Dad and this sofa's last legs	a new one					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot one=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true about the sofa?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	6 sofa	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sofa	det
6	sofa	sofa	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 true	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						about the sofa; true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It was bought last

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bought	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 bought	aux:pass
3	bought	buy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bought	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buy	past · passive		It				last property	vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

It has only one leg left

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 one	advmod
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 leg	nummod
5	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
6	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 leg	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	It	one leg					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient
2	leave	participle		one leg not said here					vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is old and nearly worn out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 old	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 old	cop
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 worn	cc
5	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	6 worn	advmod
6	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 old	conj
7	out	out	ADP	_	6 worn	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					old property	tree rules
2	wear out	participle						nearly property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It is going to be moved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 going	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 going	aux
3	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	6 moved	mark
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 moved	aux:pass
6	moved	move	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 going	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present · progressive	It						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	move	to-infinitive · passive							vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/3-death-and-feeling-poorly/t4/