Exam question 3 · Fire, candles and garage and garden tools

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises carbon monoxide contained in car exhaust?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, contain · To what, where: carbon monoxide, car exhaust

This is exam question 3 of lesson 115 «Fire, candles and garage and garden tools» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	carbon	carbon	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 monoxide	compound
10	monoxide	monoxide	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	contained	contain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 monoxide	acl
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 exhaust	case
13	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 exhaust	compound
14	exhaust	exhaust	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 contained	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	carbon monoxide		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	contain	participle	carbon monoxide not said here	car exhaust		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in exhaust=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is a harmless gas that merely smells of petrol

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 gas	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 gas	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 gas	det
4	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 gas	amod
5	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 smells	nsubj
7	merely	merely	ADV	_	8 smells	advmod
8	smells	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 gas	acl:relcl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 petrol	case
10	petrol	petrol	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 smells	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a harmless gas					tree rules
2	smell	present	a harmless gas					of petrol; merely property	vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of petrol=Theme

Option 2

It is dangerous only when it is visible as smoke

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 dangerous	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 dangerous	cop
3	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	8 visible	advmod
5	when	when	SCONJ	_	8 visible	mark
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 visible	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 visible	cop
8	visible	visible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 dangerous	advcl
9	as	as	ADP	_	10 smoke	case
10	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 visible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					dangerous property	tree rules
2	is	present	it					as smoke; visible property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is poisonous and can be neither seen nor smelt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 poisonous	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 poisonous	cop
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 seen	cc
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 seen	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 seen	aux:pass
7	neither	neither	ADV	_	8 seen	advmod
8	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 poisonous	conj
9	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	10 smelt	cc
10	smelt	smelt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 poisonous	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					poisonous property	tree rules
2	see	can · passive						neither property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»

Option 4

It is poisonous only when the car is moving fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 poisonous	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 poisonous	cop
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	9 moving	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 moving	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 car	det
7	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 moving	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 moving	aux
9	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 poisonous	advcl
10	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	9 moving	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					poisonous property	tree rules
2	move	present · progressive	the car					fast property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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