Test 11 · ★ · Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things

oops i broke the pen i borrowed off maya. what now

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: oops, i · What happens: break, borrow off · To what, where: pen, maya

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 225 «Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	oops	oop	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 broke	nsubj
2	i	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 broke	nsubj
3	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 pen	det
5	pen	pen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 broke	obj
6	i	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 borrowed	nsubj
7	borrowed	borrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 broke	conj
8	off	off	ADP	_	7 borrowed	compound:prt
9	maya	maya	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 borrowed	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 broke	punct
11	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 broke	parataxis
12	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	11 what	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	past	oops	the pen					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pen=Patient
2	borrow off	past	i	maya					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent maya=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Tell her it was already broken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Tell	iobj
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 broken	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 broken	aux:pass
5	already	already	ADV	_	6 broken	advmod
6	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Tell	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		her = she				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic
2	break	past · passive		it					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

Put it back in her pencil case and say nothing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Put	obj
3	back	back	ADV	_	1 Put	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 case	case
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 case	nmod:poss
6	pencil	pencil	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 case	compound
7	case	case	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Put	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 say	cc
9	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Put	conj
10	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	9 say	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put back	imperative	you not said here	it		her pencil case			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in case=Destination
2	say speech: assert	present	you not said here	nothing					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic

Option 3

Throw it away so she forgets

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Throw	throw	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Throw	obj
3	away	away	ADV	_	1 Throw	advmod
4	so	so	ADV	_	6 forgets	advmod
5	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 forgets	nsubj
6	forgets	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Throw	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw away	imperative	you not said here	it				away property	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	forget	present	she						tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Tell her, say sorry and offer to replace it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tell	tell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Tell	iobj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct
4	say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	conj
5	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 say	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 offer	cc
7	offer	offer	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Tell	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 replace	mark
9	replace	replace	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 offer	xcomp
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 replace	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	imperative	you not said here		her = she		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient
2	say speech: apologize	infinitive	you not said here			sorry property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	offer	infinitive	you not said here				tree rules
4	replace not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here	it			vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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