Exam question 1 · Marks, group work, help at school and learning new skills

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fair method of resolving disagreement within a group?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: fair method · What happens: follow, characteris, resolve · To what, where: fair method, disagreement

This is exam question 1 of lesson 307 «Marks, group work, help at school and learning new skills» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 method	det
10	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 method	amod
11	method	method	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	SCONJ	_	13 resolving	mark
13	resolving	resolve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 method	acl
14	disagreement	disagreement	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 resolving	obj
15	within	within	ADP	_	17 group	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 group	det
17	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 resolving	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a fair method	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	resolve	gerund	a fair method not said here	disagreement	within a group	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Adopting the idea of whoever spoke first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Adopting	adopt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 spoke	csubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 idea	det
3	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Adopting	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 whoever	case
5	whoever	whoever	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 idea	nmod
6	spoke	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	6 spoke	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	adopt	gerund		the idea of whoever					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Theme
2	speak speech: other	past	Adopting					first property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Listening to each idea, then voting or combining ideas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Listening	listen	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 voting	csubj
2	to	to	ADP	_	4 idea	case
3	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	4 idea	det
4	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Listening	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 voting	punct
6	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 voting	advmod
7	voting	vote	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 combining	cc
9	combining	combine	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 voting	conj
10	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 combining	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	listen	gerund				to each idea	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to idea=Theme
2	vote	gerund	Listening		then		vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	combine	gerund	Listening not said here	ideas			vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient

Option 3

Deferring always to the loudest member, whose conviction is evidently the strongest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deferring	defer	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 strongest	csubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	1 Deferring	advmod
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 member	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 member	det
5	loudest	loud	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 member	amod
6	member	member	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Deferring	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 conviction	punct
8	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	9 conviction	nmod:poss
9	conviction	conviction	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 member	conj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 strongest	cop
11	evidently	evidently	ADV	_	13 strongest	advmod
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 strongest	det
13	strongest	strong	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	defer	gerund		to the loudest member and the loudest member and the loudest member's conviction's conviction; always property	vn acquiesce-95.1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to member=Pivot
2	is	present	Deferring	evidently, strong property	tree rules
3	convict		the loudest member and the loudest member and conviction's conviction		nom conviction «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Abandoning the task entirely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Abandoning	abandon	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 task	det
3	task	task	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Abandoning	obj
4	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	1 Abandoning	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	abandon	gerund		the task				entirely property	vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme task=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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