Test 13 · ★ · Manners: greeting every worker, handshakes, «How's it goin…

my mate says the new kid "crushed the head's hand so hard it bruised" when they shook hands. what's prob exaggerated

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, new kid, kid, they · What happens: say, crush, bruise, shake, be, exaggerate · To what, where: hand, hands, prob · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 13 · ★ of lesson 323 «Manners: greeting every worker, handshakes, «How's it going?», introductions, goodbyes, please and thank you, excuse me, and table manners» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 kid	det
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kid	amod
6	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crushed	nsubj
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 crushed	punct
8	crushed	crush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 head	det
10	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hand	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 head	case
12	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crushed	obj
13	so	so	ADV	_	14 hard	advmod
14	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	16 bruised	advmod
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 bruised	nsubj
16	bruised	bruise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 crushed	conj
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 bruised	punct
18	when	when	SCONJ	_	20 shook	mark
19	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 shook	nsubj
20	shook	shake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 bruised	advcl
21	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 shook	obj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
23	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	25 prob	advmod
24	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 prob	cop
25	prob	prob	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
26	exaggerated	exaggerate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	25 prob	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	my mate			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	crush in a quote	past	the new kid	the head's hand		vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
3	bruise in a quote	past	kid		hard property	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
4	shake	past	they	hands		vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
5	is a	present		prob		tree rules
6	exaggerate	participle		prob not said here		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

That heads shake hands

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 heads	det
2	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shake	nsubj
3	shake	shake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shake	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shake	present	that heads	hands					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hand=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The bruise; a good handshake is firm but not crushing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bruise	det
2	bruise	bruise	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 firm	nsubj
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 bruise	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 handshake	det
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 handshake	amod
6	handshake	handshake	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 firm	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 firm	cop
8	firm	firm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 crushing	cc
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 crushing	advmod
11	crushing	crush	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 firm	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the bruise					firm property	tree rules
2	not crush	gerund	the bruise not said here						vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 3

That a handshake should be firm and look the person in the eye

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 handshake	det
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 handshake	det
3	handshake	handshake	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 firm	nsubj
4	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 firm	aux
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 firm	cop
6	firm	firm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 look	cc
8	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 firm	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 person	det
10	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 look	obj
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 eye	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 eye	det
13	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 look	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	should	that handshake					firm property	tree rules
2	look	infinitive	that handshake not said here	the person		the eye			vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme person=Attribute

Option 4

That handshakes exist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 handshakes	det
2	handshakes	handshake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 exist	nsubj
3	exist	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	present	that handshakes						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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