Test 2 · ★★ · Outdoors: icy playgrounds, blisters, cliff edges, trail ma… Halfway up a mountain trail, a girl's toe hurts but she says nothing. By the top it is bleeding. What should she have done?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: toe, top · What happens: hurt, say, bleed, do · To what, where: nothing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 325 «Outdoors: icy playgrounds, blisters, cliff edges, trail markers, quarries, campfire burns, river crossings, bridges and pool safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Halfway up a mountain trail, a girl's toe hurts but she says nothing.
advmod case det compound obl punct det nmod:poss case nsubj cc nsubj conj obj punct root Halfway ADV up ADP a DET mountain NOUN trail NOUN , PUNCT a DET girl NOUN 's PART toe NOUN hurts VERB but CCONJ she PRON says VERB nothing PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Halfway halfway ADV _ 2 up advmod 2 up up ADP _ 5 trail case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 trail det 4 mountain mountain NOUN Number=Sing 5 trail compound 5 trail trail NOUN Number=Sing 11 hurts obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 trail punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 girl det 8 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 10 toe nmod:poss 9 's 's PART _ 8 girl case 10 toe toe NOUN Number=Sing 11 hurts nsubj 11 hurts hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 but but CCONJ _ 14 says cc 13 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 says nsubj 14 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 hurts conj 15 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 14 says obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 hurts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt present a girl's toe up a mountain trail vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 say speech: assert present toe nothing vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: By the top it is bleeding.
case det obl nsubj aux punct root By ADP the DET top NOUN it PRON is AUX bleeding VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 3 top case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 top det 3 top top NOUN Number=Sing 6 bleeding obl 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 bleeding nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bleeding aux 6 bleeding bleed VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 bleeding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bleed present · progressive top by the top vn substance_emission-43.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Source
Sentence 3: What should she have done?
obj aux nsubj aux punct root What PRON should AUX she PRON have AUX done VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 5 done obj 2 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 done aux 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 done nsubj 4 have have AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 done aux 5 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 done punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do should · perfect toe vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality
The options Option 1 Tied her laces as tight as possible
nmod:poss obj advmod xcomp mark advcl root Tied VERB her PRON laces NOUN as ADV tight ADJ as SCONJ possible ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tied tie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 laces nmod:poss 3 laces lace NOUN Number=Plur 1 Tied obj 4 as as ADV _ 5 tight advmod 5 tight tight ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Tied xcomp 6 as as SCONJ _ 7 possible mark 7 possible possible ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tight advcl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tie past her laces tight property vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lace=Patient
Option 2 Walked faster to finish sooner
advmod mark advcl advmod root Walked VERB faster ADV to PART finish VERB sooner ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 faster fast ADV Degree=Cmp 1 Walked advmod 3 to to PART _ 4 finish mark 4 finish finish VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Walked advcl 5 sooner soon ADV Degree=Cmp 4 finish advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past fast property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 finish to-infinitive soon property vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Told a grown-up early so it could be covered
det conj punct compound:prt advmod mark nsubj:pass aux aux:pass ccomp root Told VERB a DET grown VERB - PUNCT up ADP early ADV so SCONJ it PRON could AUX be AUX covered VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Told tell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 grown det 3 grown grow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Told conj 4 - - PUNCT _ 5 up punct 5 up up ADP _ 3 grown compound:prt 6 early early ADV Degree=Pos 3 grown advmod 7 so so SCONJ _ 11 covered mark 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 covered nsubj:pass 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 covered aux 10 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 covered aux:pass 11 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Told ccomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert participle vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 grow up participle early property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 cover could · passive it vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination
Option 4 Kept her boots off for the rest of the walk
aux nsubj compound:prt case det obl case det nmod root Kept VERB her PRON boots VERB off ADP for ADP the DET rest NOUN of ADP the DET walk NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 boots aux 2 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 boots nsubj 3 boots boot VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 off off ADP _ 3 boots compound:prt 5 for for ADP _ 7 rest case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 rest det 7 rest rest NOUN Number=Sing 3 boots obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 walk case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 walk det 10 walk walk NOUN Number=Sing 7 rest nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 boot off past her = she for the rest of the walk vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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