Test 3 · ★★ · Outdoors: icy playgrounds, blisters, cliff edges, trail ma…
Walkers in Cornwall see a sign: «Danger – unstable cliff edge». What does this mean for them?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Walkers, this · What happens: see, mean · To what, where: sign
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 325 «Outdoors: icy playgrounds, blisters, cliff edges, trail markers, quarries, campfire burns, river crossings, bridges and pool safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Walkers in Cornwall see a sign: «Danger – unstable cliff edge».
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Walkers | walker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 see | nsubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 Cornwall | case |
| 3 | Cornwall | Cornwall | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Walkers | nmod |
| 4 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 sign | det |
| 6 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 see | obj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
| 8 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 13 edge | punct |
| 9 | Danger | danger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 edge | compound |
| 10 | – | – | PUNCT | _ | 9 Danger | punct |
| 11 | unstable | unstable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 edge | amod |
| 12 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 edge | compound |
| 13 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 see | parataxis |
| 14 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 13 edge | punct |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | present | Walkers in Cornwall | a sign | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What does this mean for them?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 mean | obj |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 mean | aux |
| 3 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 mean | nsubj |
| 4 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 them | case |
| 6 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 mean | obl |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 mean | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present · do-support | this | for Walkers = walker | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot what=Theme for they=Attribute |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
It only matters in winter, when the ground is icy
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 matters | nsubj |
| 2 | only | only | ADV | _ | 3 matters | advmod |
| 3 | matters | matter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 winter | case |
| 5 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 matters | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 icy | punct |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 icy | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ground | det |
| 9 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 icy | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 icy | cop |
| 11 | icy | icy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 matters | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | matter | present | It | winter | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the ground | icy property | tree rules |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
The edge could crumble, so stay well back
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 edge | det |
| 2 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 crumble | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 crumble | aux |
| 4 | crumble | crumble | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 stay | punct |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 7 stay | advmod |
| 7 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 crumble | conj |
| 8 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 stay | advmod |
| 9 | back | back | ADV | _ | 7 stay | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crumble | could | the edge | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | stay back | infinitive | the edge not said here | well property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
They may stand on the edge for photos if they are careful and hold hands
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 stand | nsubj |
| 2 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 stand | aux |
| 3 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 edge | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 edge | det |
| 6 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stand | obl |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 photos | case |
| 8 | photos | photo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 stand | obl |
| 9 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 12 careful | mark |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 careful | nsubj |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 careful | cop |
| 12 | careful | careful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 stand | advcl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 hold | cc |
| 14 | hold | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 careful | conj |
| 15 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 hold | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | may | They | the edge | for photos | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on edge=Location | |||
| 2 | is a condition, not said to happen | present | photos = photo | careful property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hold | present | photos = photo not said here | hands | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
Option 4
It is safe for children because they are light
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 safe | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 safe | cop |
| 3 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 children | case |
| 5 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 safe | obl |
| 6 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 9 light | case |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 light | nsubj |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 light | cop |
| 9 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 safe | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | It | for children; safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | present | children = child | because light | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/325-icy-playgrounds-hiking-edges-quarries-burns-rivers-bridges-and-pools/t3/