Test 7 · ★★ · Borrowing without asking Mum in the car: «What's that under the seat? I said NO to that toy.» What should happen next?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Mum, I · What happens: be, say, happen · To what, where: seat, NO, toy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 339 «Borrowing without asking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Mum in the car: «What's that under the seat?
nsubj case det nmod punct punct nsubj cop nsubj case det punct root Mum NOUN in ADP the DET car NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT What PRON 's AUX that PRON under ADP the DET seat NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 12 seat nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 4 car case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 car det 4 car car NOUN Number=Sing 1 Mum nmod 5 : : PUNCT _ 12 seat punct 6 « « PUNCT _ 7 What punct 7 What what PRON PronType=Int 12 seat nsubj 8 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 seat cop 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 seat nsubj 10 under under ADP _ 12 seat case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 seat det 12 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 ? ? PUNCT _ 12 seat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present Mum in the car the seat tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: I said NO to that toy.»
nsubj obj case det obl punct punct root I PRON said VERB NO DET to ADP that DET toy NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 said nsubj 2 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 NO no DET PronType=Neg 2 said obj 4 to to ADP _ 6 toy case 5 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 toy det 6 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 2 said obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 said punct 8 » » PUNCT _ 2 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past I NO that toy vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent no=Topic to toy=Recipient
Sentence 3: What should happen next?
nsubj aux advmod punct root What PRON should AUX happen VERB next ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 happen nsubj 2 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 happen aux 3 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 next next ADV _ 3 happen advmod 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 happen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen should next property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
The options Option 1 He promises to pay for it later out of his pocket money and keeps it
The tree, 15 words nsubj mark xcomp case obl advmod case case nmod:poss compound obl cc conj obj root He PRON promises VERB to PART pay VERB for ADP it PRON later ADV out ADP of ADP his PRON pocket NOUN money NOUN and CCONJ keeps VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 promises nsubj 2 promises promise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 pay mark 4 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 promises xcomp 5 for for ADP _ 6 it case 6 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 pay obl 7 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 4 pay advmod 8 out out ADP _ 12 money case 9 of of ADP _ 12 money case 10 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 money nmod:poss 11 pocket pocket NOUN Number=Sing 12 money compound 12 money money NOUN Number=Sing 4 pay obl 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 keeps cc 14 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 promises conj 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 keeps obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promise speech: promise present He vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 pay not said to happen to-infinitive He not said here his pocket money for it; late property vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for it=Theme 3 keep present He not said here money vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer They go back and he returns it and says sorry
nsubj advmod cc nsubj conj obj cc conj xcomp root They PRON go VERB back ADV and CCONJ he PRON returns VERB it PRON and CCONJ says VERB sorry ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 go nsubj 2 go go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 back back ADV _ 2 go advmod 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 returns cc 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 returns nsubj 6 returns return VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 go conj 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 returns obj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 says cc 9 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 returns conj 10 sorry sorry ADJ Degree=Pos 9 says xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go back present They vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient 2 return present he it vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 3 say speech: apologize present he not said here sorry property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Option 3 He says a friend gave it to him
nsubj det nsubj ccomp obj case obl root He PRON says VERB a DET friend NOUN gave VERB it PRON to ADP him PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 friend det 4 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 5 gave nsubj 5 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 says ccomp 6 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 gave obj 7 to to ADP _ 8 him case 8 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 gave obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present He vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 give past a friend it him = he vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to he=Recipient
Option 4 He says it fell into the bag by itself
nsubj nsubj ccomp case det obl case obl root He PRON says VERB it PRON fell VERB into ADP the DET bag NOUN by ADP itself PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 fell nsubj 4 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 says ccomp 5 into into ADP _ 7 bag case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bag det 7 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 4 fell obl 8 by by ADP _ 9 itself case 9 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 4 fell obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present He vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 fall past it the bag by bag vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by itself=Location
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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