Test 12 · ★★★ · Snooping on phones, diaries and letters Ruby's brother changed his code and won't lend her stuff. She says «he's just being mean». What's closer to the truth?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: brother, Ruby · What happens: change, not lend, code, say, be · To what, where: code, stuff · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 357 «Snooping on phones, diaries and letters» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Ruby's brother changed his code and won't lend her stuff.
nmod:poss case nsubj nmod:poss obj cc aux advmod conj nmod:poss obj punct root Ruby PROPN 's PART brother NOUN changed VERB his PRON code NOUN and CCONJ wo AUX n't PART lend VERB her PRON stuff NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ruby Ruby PROPN Number=Sing 3 brother nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Ruby case 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 4 changed nsubj 4 changed change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 code nmod:poss 6 code code NOUN Number=Sing 4 changed obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 10 lend cc 8 wo will AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 lend aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 lend advmod 10 lend lend VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 changed conj 11 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 stuff nmod:poss 12 stuff stuff NOUN Number=Sing 10 lend obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 changed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change past Ruby's brother brother's code vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent code=Patient 2 not lend future Ruby's brother not said here Ruby's stuff vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stuff=Theme 3 code brother nom code «communication transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: She says «he's just being mean».
nsubj punct nsubj cop advmod cop ccomp punct punct root She PRON says VERB « PUNCT he PRON 's AUX just ADV being AUX mean ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 8 mean punct 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 mean nsubj 5 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 mean cop 6 just just ADV _ 8 mean advmod 7 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 mean cop 8 mean mean ADJ Degree=Pos 2 says ccomp 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 mean punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Ruby vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is in a quote present brother mean property tree rules
Sentence 3: What's closer to the truth?
nsubj cop case det obl punct root What PRON 's AUX closer ADJ to ADP the DET truth NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 closer nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 closer cop 3 closer close ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 truth case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 truth det 6 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 3 closer obl 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 closer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present to the truth; close property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice He just wants an excuse to get himself a new phone
nsubj advmod det obj mark xcomp obj det amod obj root He PRON just ADV wants VERB an DET excuse NOUN to PART get VERB himself PRON a DET new ADJ phone NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 wants nsubj 2 just just ADV _ 3 wants advmod 3 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 excuse det 5 excuse excuse NOUN Number=Sing 3 wants obj 6 to to PART _ 7 get mark 7 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 wants xcomp 8 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 7 get obj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 phone det 10 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 11 phone amod 11 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 7 get obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present He a excuse tree rules 2 get not said to happen to-infinitive a excuse not said here himself = he vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary phone=Theme
Option 2 Codes are changed every week
nsubj aux:pass det obl:unmarked root Codes NOUN are AUX changed VERB every DET week NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Codes code NOUN Number=Plur 3 changed nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 changed aux:pass 3 changed change VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 every every DET PronType=Tot 5 week det 5 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 changed obl:unmarked
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change present · passive Codes week vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer It's a natural consequence of broken trust
nsubj cop det amod case amod nmod root It PRON 's AUX a DET natural ADJ consequence NOUN of ADP broken VERB trust NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 consequence nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 consequence cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 consequence det 4 natural natural ADJ Degree=Pos 5 consequence amod 5 consequence consequence NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 trust case 7 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 trust amod 8 trust trust NOUN Number=Sing 5 consequence nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It a natural consequence of broken trust tree rules 2 break participle vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
Option 4 He's mean for no reason
nsubj cop case det obl root He PRON 's AUX mean ADJ for ADP no DET reason NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 mean nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 mean cop 3 mean mean ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 reason case 5 no no DET PronType=Neg 6 reason det 6 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present He for no reason; mean property tree rules
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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