Exam question 4 · Street gangs and loyalty

State the action most consistent with the welfare of a child whose sibling appears to be associating with an older group engaged in fighting.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sibling · What happens: appear, associate, engage · To what, where: older group, fighting

This is exam question 4 of lesson 383 «Street gangs and loyalty» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consistent	nsubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 action	det
3	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consistent	nsubj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 consistent	advmod
5	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 welfare	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 welfare	det
8	welfare	welfare	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consistent	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 child	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 child	det
11	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 welfare	nmod
12	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	13 sibling	nmod:poss
13	sibling	sibling	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 appears	nsubj
14	appears	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 child	acl:relcl
15	to	to	PART	_	17 associating	mark
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 associating	aux
17	associating	associate	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 appears	advcl
18	with	with	ADP	_	21 group	case
19	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 group	det
20	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	21 group	amod
21	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 associating	obl
22	engaged	engage	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 group	acl
23	in	in	ADP	_	24 fighting	case
24	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 engaged	obl
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 consistent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	appear	present	sibling			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	associate	to-infinitive · progressive	sibling not said here		with a older group	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with group=Co-Patient
3	engage	participle		a older group not said here	in fighting goal	vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent in fighting=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The pursuit of the sibling at night without informing anyone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pursuit	det
2	pursuit	pursuit	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 sibling	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sibling	det
5	sibling	sibling	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pursuit	nmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 night	case
7	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sibling	nmod
8	without	without	SCONJ	_	9 informing	mark
9	informing	inform	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 pursuit	acl
10	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 informing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	inform speech: other	gerund	the pursuit of the sibling at night not said here		anyone				vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent anyone=Recipient
2	pursue			the sibling at night					nom pursuit «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The concealment of the matter in order to avoid conflict

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 concealment	det
2	concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 matter	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 matter	det
5	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 concealment	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 order	case
7	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 matter	nmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 avoid	mark
9	avoid	avoid	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 concealment	acl
10	conflict	conflict	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 avoid	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	avoid	to-infinitive		conflict					vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent conflict=Location
2	conceal			the matter in order					nom concealment «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The joining of the group in order to supervise the sibling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 joining	det
2	joining	join	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 group	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 group	det
5	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 joining	obl
6	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	9 supervise	mark
7	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 in	fixed
8	to	to	PART	_	9 supervise	mark
9	supervise	supervise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 joining	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sibling	det
11	sibling	sibling	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 supervise	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	join	gerund						of the group	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	supervise	to-infinitive		the sibling					vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent sibling=Eventuality

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The communication of the concern to a trusted adult

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 communication	det
2	communication	communication	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 concern	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 concern	det
5	concern	concern	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 communication	nmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	9 adult	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 adult	det
8	trusted	trust	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 adult	amod
9	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 concern	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trust	participle							vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	communicate		the concern to a trusted adult						nom communication «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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