Exam question 4 · Lily, the calm «princess»
It is given that a pupil declines to applaud an altercation notwithstanding the encouragement of her companions. State the consequence most frequently observed.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: pupil, altercation, you · What happens: give, decline, not applaud, notwithstand, encourage, state · To what, where: It, altercation, encouragement, companions, consequence
This is exam question 4 of lesson 386 «Lily, the calm «princess»» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that a pupil declines to applaud an altercation notwithstanding the encouragement of her companions.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 declines | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 pupil | det |
| 6 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 declines | nsubj |
| 7 | declines | decline | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | advcl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 applaud | mark |
| 9 | applaud | applaud | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 declines | xcomp |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 altercation | det |
| 11 | altercation | altercation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 applaud | obj |
| 12 | notwithstanding | notwithstand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 altercation | acl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 encouragement | det |
| 14 | encouragement | encouragement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 notwithstanding | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 companions | case |
| 16 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 companions | nmod:poss |
| 17 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 encouragement | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | decline | present | a pupil | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not applaud | to-infinitive | a pupil not said here | a altercation | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer altercation=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | notwithstand | gerund | a altercation not said here | the encouragement of pupil's companions | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | encourage | pupil's companions | nom encouragement «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: State the consequence most frequently observed.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | State | state | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 consequence | det |
| 3 | consequence | consequence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 State | obj |
| 4 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 5 frequently | advmod |
| 5 | frequently | frequently | ADV | _ | 6 observed | advmod |
| 6 | observed | observe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 consequence | acl:relcl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 State | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | state speech: other | imperative | you not said here | the consequence | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent consequence=Topic | ||||
| 2 | observe | participle | the consequence not said here | frequently property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The participants direct their aggression towards her
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 participants | det |
| 2 | participants | participant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 direct | nsubj |
| 3 | direct | direct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 aggression | nmod:poss |
| 5 | aggression | aggression | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 direct | obj |
| 6 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 7 her | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 direct | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | direct | present | the participants | participants's aggression | tree rules |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Others subsequently find the resolve to refrain likewise
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 find | nsubj |
| 2 | subsequently | subsequently | ADV | _ | 3 find | advmod |
| 3 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 resolve | det |
| 5 | resolve | resolve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 find | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 refrain | mark |
| 7 | refrain | refrain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 find | ccomp |
| 8 | likewise | likewise | ADV | _ | 7 refrain | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | present | Others | the resolve | subsequently property | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent resolve=Attribute clause=Theme | |||
| 2 | refrain | to-infinitive | likewise property | vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
The altercation is invariably prolonged
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 altercation | det |
| 2 | altercation | altercation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 prolonged | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 prolonged | aux:pass |
| 4 | invariably | invariably | ADV | _ | 5 prolonged | advmod |
| 5 | prolonged | prolong | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prolong | present · passive | the altercation | invariably property | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Theme |
Option 4
The pupil is permanently excluded by her peers from all games
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 pupil | det |
| 2 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 excluded | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 excluded | aux:pass |
| 4 | permanently | permanently | ADV | _ | 5 excluded | advmod |
| 5 | excluded | exclude | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 peers | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 peers | nmod:poss |
| 8 | peers | peer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 excluded | obl |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 games | case |
| 10 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 games | det |
| 11 | games | game | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 excluded | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exclude | present · passive | pupil's peers | the pupil | all games | permanently property | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer subject=Beneficiary from game=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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