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Test 11 · ★ · «The dog ate it»: excuses for homework

In a cartoon a boy says the dog ate it, and the teacher believes him. What is closer to real life?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy, dog, teacher · What happens: say, eat, believe, be · To what, where: cartoon, dog · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 426 ««The dog ate it»: excuses for homework» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a boy says the dog ate it, and the teacher believes him.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 boy	det
5	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 dog	det
8	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ate	nsubj
9	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 says	ccomp
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 ate	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 believes	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 believes	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 teacher	det
14	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 believes	nsubj
15	believes	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 says	conj
16	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 believes	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a boy			a cartoon			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	eat	past	the dog	cartoon					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	believe	present	the teacher	dog					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is closer to real life?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 closer	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 closer	cop
3	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 life	case
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 life	amod
6	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 closer	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 closer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						to real life; close property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Teachers always believe stories about dogs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 believe	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 believe	advmod
3	believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 believe	obj
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 dogs	case
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 stories	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	present	Teachers	stories				about dogs; always property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The teacher would give him a dog

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 give	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 give	aux
4	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 give	iobj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 dog	det
7	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 give	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	would	the teacher	a dog	him = he				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient dog=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Teachers have heard it so often it's a joke

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 heard	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 heard	aux
3	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 heard	obj
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 often	advmod
6	often	often	ADV	_	10 joke	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 joke	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 joke	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 joke	det
10	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heard	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hear	present · perfect	Teachers	it					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
2	is a	present	it	a joke				often property	tree rules

Option 4

Dogs eat homework most days

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	nsubj
2	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 eat	obj
4	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 days	amod
5	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Dogs	homework			day		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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