Exam question 4 · Eyes, ears and moving your body

Identify the manner in which one may best assist a deaf or hard-of-hearing classmate to understand speech.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, one · What happens: identify, assist, understand · To what, where: manner, speech

This is exam question 4 of lesson 87 «Eyes, ears and moving your body» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 manner	det
3	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 assist	obl
6	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 assist	nsubj
7	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 assist	aux
8	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 assist	amod
9	assist	assist	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 classmate	det
11	deaf	deaf	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 classmate	amod
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 hard	cc
13	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 deaf	conj
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 hard	punct
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 hearing	case
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 of	punct
17	hearing	hearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 hard	obl
18	classmate	classmate	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 assist	appos
19	to	to	PART	_	20 understand	mark
20	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 classmate	acl
21	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 understand	obj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the manner	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent manner=Theme
2	assist	may	one		tree rules
3	understand	to-infinitive	one not said here	speech	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer speech=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Removing the classmate's hearing aid in order to test whether it is really required

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Removing	remove	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 required	advcl
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 classmate	det
3	classmate	classmate	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 aid	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 classmate	case
5	hearing	hearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 aid	compound
6	aid	aid	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Removing	obj
7	in	in	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	10 test	mark
8	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 in	fixed
9	to	to	PART	_	10 test	mark
10	test	test	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 aid	acl
11	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 test	obl
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 required	aux:pass
14	really	really	ADV	_	15 required	advmod
15	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	remove	gerund	the classmate's hearing aid		vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aid=Theme
2	test	to-infinitive	the classmate's hearing aid not said here	whether order	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	require	present · passive			vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Facing the classmate and speaking clearly without shouting, so as to permit lip-reading

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Facing	face	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 classmate	det
3	classmate	classmate	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Facing	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 speaking	cc
5	speaking	speak	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Facing	conj
6	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	5 speaking	advmod
7	without	without	SCONJ	_	8 shouting	mark
8	shouting	shout	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 speaking	advcl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 permit	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	13 permit	advmod
11	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 permit	mark
12	to	to	PART	_	13 permit	mark
13	permit	permit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Facing	advcl
14	lip	lip	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 reading	compound
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 lip	punct
16	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 permit	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	face	gerund	the classmate		vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme classmate=Destination
2	speak speech: other	gerund		clearly property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	shout speech: express	gerund			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	permit	to-infinitive	lip reading		vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reading=Theme

Option 3

Speaking with the face turned away, so that the classmate is obliged to listen harder

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Speaking	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 turned	csubj
2	with	with	ADP	_	4 face	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 face	det
4	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Speaking	obl
5	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	away	away	ADV	_	5 turned	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 obliged	punct
8	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	13 obliged	mark
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 so	fixed
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 classmate	det
11	classmate	classmate	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 obliged	nsubj:pass
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 obliged	aux:pass
13	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 turned	conj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 listen	mark
15	listen	listen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 obliged	xcomp
16	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	15 listen	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	gerund			with the face	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with face=Co-Agent
2	turn away	past	Speaking		away property	vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	oblige	present · passive		the classmate		vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
4	listen	to-infinitive			hard property	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Shouting directly into the classmate's ear from behind, so that the sound is loudest

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shouting	shout	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 loudest	csubj
2	directly	directly	ADV	_	1 Shouting	advmod
3	into	into	ADP	_	7 ear	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 classmate	det
5	classmate	classmate	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ear	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 classmate	case
7	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Shouting	obl
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 behind	case
9	behind	behind	ADV	_	1 Shouting	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Shouting	punct
11	so	so	SCONJ	_	14 sound	case
12	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 so	fixed
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sound	det
14	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Shouting	obl
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 loudest	cop
16	loudest	loud	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shout speech: express	gerund				the classmate's ear		so the sound; directly property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent into ear=Recipient
2	is	present	Shouting					loud property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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