Test 1 · ★★ · Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl

Your mate from Leeds goes, "Easy, mate: boys' things are le, girls' things are la." What do you tell him?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, things, you · What happens: go, be, tell · To what, where: le, la., mate · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 25 «Le, la, un, une: every word is a boy or a girl» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 goes	nsubj
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Leeds	case
4	Leeds	Leeds	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 mate	nmod
5	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 Easy	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 Easy	punct
8	Easy	easy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 goes	xcomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 mate	punct
10	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 Easy	vocative
11	:	:	PUNCT	_	16 le	punct
12	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 things	nmod:poss
13	'	's	PART	_	12 boys	case
14	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 le	nsubj
15	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 le	cop
16	le	le	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 goes	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 la.	punct
18	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 things	nmod:poss
19	'	's	PART	_	18 girls	case
20	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 la.	nsubj
21	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 la.	cop
22	la.	La.	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 le	nmod
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 tell	punct
24	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	27 tell	obj
25	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 tell	aux
26	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	27 tell	nsubj
27	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 la.	acl:relcl
28	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 tell	iobj
29	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	go	present	Your mate from Leeds			easy property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a in a quote	present	boys's things	le			tree rules
3	is a in a quote	present	girls's things	la.			tree rules
4	tell speech: assert	present · do-support	you	la.	mate		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He's right, a car is la because girls drive

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 la	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 car	det
6	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 la	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 la	cop
8	la	la	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 right	parataxis
9	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 drive	mark
10	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 drive	nsubj
11	drive	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 la	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	He	right property	tree rules
2	is	present	a car	la property	tree rules
3	drive	present	girls		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Nobody knows, French people just guess

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 knows	nsubj
2	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 guess	punct
4	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 people	amod
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 guess	nsubj
6	just	just	ADV	_	7 guess	advmod
7	guess	guess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 knows	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	Nobody						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	guess	present	French people						vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He's right, a football is le because boys play it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 le	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 football	det
6	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 le	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 le	cop
8	le	le	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	conj
9	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 play	mark
10	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 play	nsubj
11	play	play	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	advcl
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 play	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	He		right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	a football	le		tree rules
3	play	present	boys	football		vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Gender is about the word: une personne is la even for a man

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gender	gender	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 word	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 word	cop
3	about	about	ADP	_	5 word	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 word	det
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 la	punct
7	une	une	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 personne	compound
8	personne	personne	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 la	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 la	cop
10	la	la	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 word	conj
11	even	even	ADV	_	14 man	advmod
12	for	for	ADP	_	14 man	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 man	det
14	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 la	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Gender					about the word	tree rules
2	is	present	une personne					for a man; la property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/french/25-le-la-un-une-every-word-is-a-boy-or-a-girl/t1/