Exam question 3 · Weather, storms and the changing climate

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning hurricanes, typhoons and cyclones.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: select, establish · To what, where: response

This is exam question 3 of lesson 23 «Weather, storms and the changing climate» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concerning	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 hurricanes	amod
10	hurricanes	hurricane	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 facts	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 typhoons	punct
12	typhoons	typhoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hurricanes	conj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 cyclones	cc
14	cyclones	cyclone	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hurricanes	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response				consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They constitute a single phenomenon, the tropical cyclone, named variously by ocean

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitute	nsubj
2	constitute	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 phenomenon	det
4	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 phenomenon	amod
5	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitute	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 cyclone	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 cyclone	det
8	tropical	tropical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 cyclone	amod
9	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 phenomenon	appos
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 named	punct
11	named	name	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 cyclone	acl
12	variously	variously	ADV	_	11 named	advmod
13	by	by	ADP	_	14 ocean	case
14	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 named	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	They	a single phenomenon					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme phenomenon=Pivot
2	name	participle		the tropical cyclone not said here				by ocean; variously property	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Typhoons alone possess a calm central eye, which hurricanes and cyclones invariably lack

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Typhoons	typhoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 possess	nsubj
2	alone	alone	ADV	_	3 possess	advmod
3	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 eye	det
5	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 eye	amod
6	central	central	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 eye	amod
7	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 possess	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 lack	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 lack	obj
10	hurricanes	hurricane	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 lack	nsubj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 cyclones	cc
12	cyclones	cyclone	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hurricanes	conj
13	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	14 lack	advmod
14	lack	lack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 eye	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	Typhoons	a calm central eye				alone property	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot eye=Theme
2	lack	present	hurricanes and cyclones	a calm central eye				invariably property	tree rules

Option 3

They constitute three distinct phenomena of differing structure, size and origin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitute	nsubj
2	constitute	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 phenomena	nummod
4	distinct	distinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 phenomena	amod
5	phenomena	phenomena	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitute	obj
6	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 differing	mark
7	differing	differ	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 phenomena	acl
8	structure	structure	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 differing	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 size	punct
10	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 structure	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 origin	cc
12	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 structure	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	They	three distinct phenomena					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme phenomena=Pivot
2	differ	gerund	three distinct phenomena not said here	structure and size and origin					tree rules

Option 4

Cyclones are confined exclusively to continental interiors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cyclones	cyclone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 confined	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 confined	aux:pass
3	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 confined	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 interiors	case
6	continental	continental	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 interiors	amod
7	interiors	interior	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 confined	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confine	present · passive		Cyclones		continental interiors		exclusively property	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to interior=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/23-weather-storms-and-the-changing-climate/e3/