Test 4 · ★ · The spice trade and the Indian Ocean

How was Portuguese trade different from the trade that was already there?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: trade · What happens: be

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 29 «The spice trade and the Indian Ocean» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	3 Portuguese	advmod
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 Portuguese	cop
3	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 trade	amod
4	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 different	nsubj
5	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 trade	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 trade	det
8	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 different	obl
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 there	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 there	cop
11	already	already	ADV	_	12 there	advmod
12	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 trade	acl:relcl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 different	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past						portuguese property	tree rules
2	is	past	the trade					there property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It used only peaceful bargaining

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 peaceful	advmod
4	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 used	xcomp
5	bargaining	bargain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 peaceful	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past	It					peaceful property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	bargain	gerund							vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It was carried out entirely by hired Chinese ships

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	out	out	ADP	_	3 carried	compound:prt
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	3 carried	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 ships	case
7	hired	hire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 ships	amod
8	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ships	amod
9	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry out	past · passive		It				by hired Chinese ships; entirely property	vn act-114 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
2	hire	participle							vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It used warships and forts to force others to pay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	warships	warship	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 used	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 forts	cc
5	forts	fort	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 warships	conj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 force	mark
7	force	force	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 used	advcl
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 force	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 pay	mark
10	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 force	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	use	past	It	warships and forts	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warship=Patient
2	force	to-infinitive		others	vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent other=Recipient clause=Topic
3	pay	to-infinitive	others not said here		vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It paid higher prices to every merchant

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 paid	nsubj
2	paid	pay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 prices	amod
4	prices	price	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 paid	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 merchant	case
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 merchant	det
7	merchant	merchant	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 paid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay	past	It	higher prices				to every merchant	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent price=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/29-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean/t4/